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There are two dominant theories on how the Filipinos came into existence: one, that of Beyer’s “Migration Theory” and second, that of Jocano’s “Evolution Theory”. Henry Otley Beyer, an American anthropologist who worked as a professor in the University of the Philippines Diliman, believes that Filipinos came from different groups, particulary from Malays of Malaysia, through migration with the use of land bridges. F. Landa Jocano, a Filipino anthropologist and historian who worked as a professor in the University of the Philippines Diliman, believes that Filipinos are products of lengthy evolutionary process with distinct culture. Research on the arguments presented by the two distinguised scholars and choose one theory between the two which convinces you most. Defend your anwer. Your essay should contain at leat 1,000 words.
Deadline of Submission: August 7, 2010, Saturday, 11:59PM
52 comments:
Beryl Matiga T.(bscs)
karamihan sa mga mamamayang pilipino ang prayoridad nila ay ang wikang Ingles. maling pagtinging ito ay para lang samga kababawan at sidlak sa kabaduyan.
kailangan mawala ang maling pananaw na ang intelihenteng talakayin ay mangyayari lang kung gagamit ng wikang Ingles.Sa halip paunlarin natin ang Wikang Filipino,mas pinagtutuunan pa ng pansin ang pagpapayaman ng Wikang Ingles. Ka hit sa lokal na programa ng radyo"t telebisyon pangunahing wika parin ang Filipino, pero ang karamihan sa mga istasyonng FM ay may mga disc jokey(DJ) na mapagkakamalang Amerikano dahil sa paraan ng kanilang pananalita, na wikang Ingles. Ilang istasyong FM, para magkaroon ng maraming taga pakinig,ang mga tinaguriang"baduy o jologs" na musika ay hinahaluan ng mga komentaryong madalas na may halung kabastusan.
Agosto ang buwan, upang ipagdiwang natin ang Buwan ng Wikang,mainam pa ring gamitn ang pagkakataong ito para ipaalala sa lahat na ang pagpapaunlad sa sariling wika ay bahagi ng malawakang pakikibaka para sa makabuluhang pagbabago.Kung hindi maunlad ang sariling wika, imposible ang mahigpit na p-agkakaisa ng nakakaraming mamamayan.
Kailangan na natin kumilos mamamayang PIlipino, na paunlarin ang Wikang Filipino ang atin sarilng wika.
Garganera, Katherine C. (BSA-I)tuesday 9:00-12:00
Ang teorya ni Henry Otley Beyer ay ang mga Pilipino raw ay nagmula sa mga malay, sapagkat siya ay naniniwala na ang mga bansang katabi ng Pilipinas ay may mga tulay na papunta dito at isa na dito ang bansang Malaysia, sapagkat sa ang kultura dawn g mga Pilipino at malay ay may pagkakatulad. Ngunit si Jocano ay mayroon ding teorya na ang mga Pilipino daw ay hindi lamang nagmula sa mga malay, base na rin sa mga natagpuang katawan ng mga unang tao sa iba’t ibang lugar ng bansa. Katulad ng mga katawan na natagpuang may kagamitang katabi na matatagpuan sa ibang bansa at hindi sa Malaysia.
Para sa akin mas naniniwala ako sa teorya ni Jocano sapagkat napatunayan na tayo ay hindi lamang nagmula sa mga malay kundi mayroon na talagang tao sa ating bansa at may sariling kultura at hindi lamang natin nakuha ang ating kultura sa mga malay. Sapagkat Kung ang teorya ni Beyer an gating pagbabasehan ay maaari ring hindi lang tayo nagmula sa mga malay sapagkat sinasabing may mga tulay na nagdurugtong sa Pilipinas at mga karatig bansa.
Phil. History
Tuesday 9:00 – 12:00
In my own opinion I convince in the theory of F. Landa Jocano because I believe that the Filipinos are not came from the race of malay. We’ve been exist in the time of our forefathers. And mr.. Jocano have been discovered the proves that his theory is thruth. Just like the Filipinos are been navigate in the different places or countries. That the Filipinos discovered a ship or called karakao, in order to them to communicate or negosiate other countries. The Filipinos are sagacity because they have been thought that they must make something that can use for there easies way to transport. It only says that the Filipinos have been exist before the Malayan came, and we have already exist before we impluences the Malayan. And we have our own way of life, our culture and so many things that we can says that the Filipino people are not came from Malayan race. But I also believe in the theory of Beyer that theres a land brigde that Filipinos use to go to other places. And they also known how to barter or change there products to other people. And also they have a skills for fishing, to how they will increase there income in fishing. So, they make basnig to make there economy in fishing will progress. So that I conclude that Filipinos are been existing before the malay have came. And we are not came from Malayan race. F. Landa Jocano promute to the Filipino people to convince them that we are not came from Malayan race.
Labiana, Ma. Emmalen
Aguelo,Ralyn Jean P.
BSIT- 1st yr
F. Landa Jocano is also from the University of the Philippines Diliman, but his belief is that Filipinos who are products of long evolutionary process with distinct cultures.
According to Jocano, it is difficult to prove that Negritoes is the first living in this country. The only thing that can be positively concluded from fossil evidence, he says that the first people arrived in the Philippines also went to New Guinea, Java, Borneo, and Australia.
Anthropologist F. Landa Jocano of the University of the Philippines contends that what the fossil evidence of ancient people show that they are not just move on to the Philippines, but also in New Guinea, Borneo, and Australia. He says there is no way of determining if they are Negritoes all. However, what is sure is that there is evidence of the Philippines was inhabited as early as 21,000 or 22,000 years ago. In 1962, a cap and a portion of a talk, considered a man, was found in a Caves Cave in Palawan Province. The discovery may show that people came to the Philippines earlier than the Malay Peninsula. If this is true, the first inhabitants of the Philippines does not come in Malay Peninsula. Jocano further believes that present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolution and movement of people.
The first migrants were what Beyer caked the “Dawnmen” . The Dawnmen resembled Java Man, Peking Man, and other Asian Home sapiens who existed about 250,000 years ago. They did not have any knowledge of agriculture, and lived by hunting and fishing. It was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing perhaps to their migratory nature, they eventually left the Philippines for destinations unknown.
The second group of migrants was composed of dark-skinned pygmies called “Aetas’ or “Negritoes”. Negrito woman | Aeta womanAbout 30,000 years ago, they crossed the land bridged from Malaya, Borneo, and Australia until they reached Palawan, Mindoro and Mindanao. They were pygmies who went around practically naked and were good at hunting, fishing and food gathering. They used spears and small flint stones weapons.
The Aetas were already in the Philippines when the land bridges disappeared due to the thinning of the ice glaciers and the subsequent increase in seawater level. This natural events “forced” them to remain in the country and become its first permanent inhabitants.
Because of the disappearance of the land bridges, the third wave of migrants was necessarily skilled in seafaring. These were the Indonesians, who came to the islands in boats. They were more advanced than the Aetas in that: they had tools made out of stone and steel, which enabled them to build sturdier houses: they engaged in farming and mining, and used materials made of brass; they wore clothing and other body ornaments.
Last to migrate to the Philippines, according to Beyer, were Malays. They were believed to have come from Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Malay Peninsula more than 2,000 years ago. Like the Indonesians, they also traveled in boats.
The Malays were brown-skinned and of medium height, with straight black hair and flat noses. Their technology was said to be more advanced than that of their predecessors. They engaged in pottery, weaving, jewelry making and metal smelting, and introduced the irrigation system in rice planting. Renowned Filipino anthropologist Felipe Landa Jocano disputes Beyer’s belief that Filipinos descended from Negritoes and Malays who migrated to the Philippines thousands of years ago. According to Jocano, it is difficult to prove that Negritoes were the first inhabitants of this country. The only thing that can positively concluded from fossil evidence, he says is that the first men who came to the Philippines also went to New Guinea, Java, Borneo, and Australia.
Instead of the Migration Theory, Jocano advances the Evolution Theory, as a better explanation of how our country was first inhabited by human beings, Jocano believes that the first people of Southeast Asia were products of a long process of evolution and migration. His research indicates that they shared more or less the same culture, beliefs, practices an even similar tools and implements. These people eventually went their separate ways; some migrated to the Philippines, the others to New Guinea, Java and Borneo. Proof, Jocano says, can be found in the fossils discovered in different parts of Southeast Asia, as well as the recorded migrations of other peoples from the Asian mainland when history began to unfold.
Genevene Hulipas (BEED)tuesday 9-12
Ayon sa teorya ni Henry Otley Beyer ang mga Pilipino ay nagmula sa malay,malapit din dito ang bansang Malaysia na malapit sa bansang pilipinas.Si Beyer ay naniniwala ang unang pilipino ay istorya ng dawn na ayon sa kultura ng pilipino. Sa teorya ni Jocano bukod sa pagiging malay, ang mga pilipino ay nagpunta ibat ibang karatig bansa.at sariling kultura namamasabing karugtong tayo ng bansang indonesia.......
Deborah V. Bayangan Philippine History 1
The two anthropologists, Henry Otley Beyer and Felipe Landa Jocano have their own theory on how the Filipinos exist here in the Philippines and they have different idea for that matter until they come up on their theories.
There are two dominant theories on how the Filipinos came into existence: the first one is the theory of Henrey Otley Beyer on “ Migration theory “, and the second one is the theory of Felipe Landa Jocano on “ Evolution theory “.
The theory that I agreed most is the theory of F. Landa Jocano wherein, He believes that fossil evidence of ancient men show that they came not only to the Philippines but to New Guinea, Java, Borneo, and Australia, and that, there is no way of telling whether they or they are not Negritos because the point here is, whether they were Negritos or not it is not the big instant because the important is, there is a positive evidence that man was in the Philippines at early 21,000 or 22,000 years ago.
The discovery in a Tabon Cave in Palawan in 1962 of a scull cap and a portion of a jaw assumed those as a human being. In this discovery, it shows that it have already a human beings lived here in the Philippines long ago. As to the present, Filipinos, Indonesians, and Malay of Malaysia, Jocano maintained that they are the end result of both the long process of evolution and later… movement of people. They stand co-equal as ethnic groups, without any one being the dominant group, racially or culturally.
I agreed with jocano that we as a human being are come up from evolution, and I also believes that there is no country or place that have no human that already exist even before because it just like Ferdinand Magellan if you remember, when he came here in the Philippines….first, he didn’t know that there’s have an other countries that exist then he tried to land in different countries until he reached the Philippines and he discovered that their are people who lived here in Philippines. This is one of my basis why I believed that there is already human beings that exist here even before because I believed that it just like on what Magellan’s discovery, until it have a migration of Malays in our country and this is the reason why that the Filipinos comprises the largest portion of the population from Malay race.
In general, all of us have different ideas or opinion on how or where it became the people here in the Philippines just like the theory of two anthropologies Jocano and Beyer. In my own opinion, the theory of Jocano is the theory that I recognized most because he have a proof on his theory and I convinced most on what he says that there are people who lived here for a long time before it have the migrations of the Malays of Malaysia, but what ever the cause of the Philippines coming to the surface of the sea, it is sure that prehistoric man came to settle down.
Gela Faith N.Cortado BSA1
For me,Professor Henry Otley Beyer and Professor Felipe Landa Jocano are both came from the same university.They are both anthropologists,scientists,and historians. They have a different theory and they have some sufficient reason.One is Beyer's Wave Migration Theory and another is Jocano's Theory.If I choose one theory,I will choose
a theory of Jocano's theory because he proved that man came earlier to the Philippines than to Malay Peninsula.He says that there is evidence.The Philippines was inhabited as early as 21,000 years to 22,000 years ago.He further believes that present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolutions and movements of peoples.He says that it is not correct to attribute the Filipino Culture as being Malay in orientation.According to his findings,the peoples of the prehistoric islands of Southeast Asia were of the same population as the combination of human evolution on that occured in the islands of Southeast Asia about 1.9 millions years ago.He states that these ancient men cannot be categorized under any of the historically identified ethnic groups(Malays,Indonesians,Filipinos)of today.Sir,for me,every Filipinos generation by generation is similar by evolution to evolution because we start from being a prehistoric man to become a modern man.I do believe that millions years ago,we are totally occured in the islands of Southeast Asia because we are in the largest continent of the whole world,we are at the Asian Country,we need to believe it because he has been stated what is totally true,but I do not mean that these theory is not always an evidence,but it is a significance because it is the one way of studying peoples and populations or as same as whole Asian World because we cannot truly known what is the main evidence,because every people in these world,have a different kinds of theories in their life and in our life.For me,theories is as same as a philosophy.However,all of us has a philosophy in our life,on these Earth.For me,a philosophy means is a basic theory concerning a particular subject or sphere of activity and the sum of our ideas and a convictions of an individuals.(sir,I saw these meanings on webster.)Every man has a theory in our life.Some of us,most of us,or however,maybe all of us,are containing a one philosophy.A philosophy thet these Earth,is a one world that we will live forever.Maybe you,like them,like other peoples,and also like me,are trying to find what really the true real meaning of life.Maybe you wanted to know what kinds of philosophy,we wanted to believe and why do we believe on these theory.Sir,I thought that these theory was so very unfamiliar to all of us,but when you are assigning us to study these two theory,we learn more that every person have a different theory in our life.So whatever we believes and whomever we believes,we need to respect each other's philosophy in our life.Theory is a sign of one's person philosophy.Theory is an opinions that we cannot know maybe if it is true or not.Maybe,theory is a reasonable way of explaining and expressing of what we have been thoughts,and what is our ideas in our own life.I hope,Sir,that you understand my long essay,eventhough it is so hard to understand what I mean,but I know,Sir,that my long thoughts for these theory is like a music in your mind.Thank you and smile.
Jude Marck S. Bagsao
BSE – Eng
Philippine History with and Governance Politics
Assignment No. 2
Jocano’s Theory
I had better choose on the Filipino anthropologist F. Landa Jocano’s Theory, first because I am a Filipino like him. I do believe him rather than Professor H. Otley Beyer’s Theory who is an American. We should have more care about of our own culture and identity as for our own sake and it is our privilege for to know that we have been existed even before the pre-historic days. Americans do not care about our culture they just want to study and know our country’s culture and history. They just want us to believe them on what they are saying. Following their own words. I believed that we Filipinos could stand alone without their help, without the helps of Americans. There are great Filipinos who studied well of our history and culture better than Americans do. I disputed the theory of Beyer even though some of his statements have facts or have proven by the evidence he gathered. Jocano further believes that the present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolution and movement of people. We Filipinos have our own culture, identity, and race that distinct. Even before the group of Malays who migrated here in the Philippines. In addition, even before the arrivals and we colonized us by the Spaniards.
Jocano’s Theory explanations convinced me when he said that Filipinos have distinct on our culture and different from the other countries or neighboring country. Jocano said on his statements that the Filipinos, Malays, and Indonesians are coequal as an ethnic group. Ancient Filipinos knows how to live their life even before the arrival and migration of the Malays and Negritos. They knows how to find their food, how to make their houses and find their shelters like caves, and they know how to make their own weapons for protecting themselves and their tribes from the beast.
At this time, there is no reason of arguing for the two theories, because recently there is news that I have watched in TV program at 24oras and Saksi. It says that there is a new discovery of the first ancient Filipino that exists before the Taong Tabon of Palawan, Negritos, and Malays of Malaysia. The “Callao Man” founded in the Callao Cave of Cagayan. A 67,000-year-old human bone compare to the 47,000-year-old Tabon Man that was previously known as the first human to have lived in the Philippines. The Filipino anthropologists and scientists found a bone/skeleton of the Callau Man and they researched and studied it well and finally published to the public with proof and evidence that they studied and gathered. Science proves it.
http://www.gmanews.tv/story/197541/researchers-discover-fossil-of-human-older-than-tabon-man
many historians and scientists believe that the first inhabitants of the Philippines islands emerged during the Pleistocene period.The two theories of their inhabitants came from name;Beyer "migration theory" and Jocano's "evolution theory".Noted social scientist,Henry Otley Beyer believe that Filipinos descended from different group that came from southeast Asia that successive waves of migration.Each group had a distinct culture with its customs and traditions,while Jocano believe that Asians including Filipinos are the result of a lengthy process of evolution and migration.The first migrant is"down men"or "cavemen,because they lived in caves.Example of dawn men are java man,Pekingman and other Asian home sapiens,who existed about 250000 years ago.Java man was discovered by eugene dubois in 1891 near in trinil.Its age is uncertain,but thought to be about 70000years.This find consisted of a flat,very thick skullcap,a few teeth and a high bone found about 12 meters away.The brain size is about 940cc.trinkaus and shipman (1992) state that most scientists,believe the femur is that of a modern human,but few of the other references mention this,and man creationist is consider as a java man to be large ape,but it is far more humanlike.and also jocano's believe that the first people in southeast asia were product of evolution and migration,and according to him they can shared more less,same cultures and beliefs,Jocano said that it can found in the fossils discovered in different parts of southeast asia,as well as recorded migrations of the asia when history began.Tavon cave is located on lipuun point,quezon,and palawan.It is 138 hectares of rugged cliffs and deep slopes.Peking man is also called sinanthropus pekinensis and it is an example of homo erectus.Homo erectus is one of the beter known members of genus homo,espicially interms of its well established place in paleo anthropology.Homo erectus is anstinct species of huminid that originated in africa and sprean as far as china and java.In the family of hominidae.In my opinion migration is the believe of the first people,because jocano believe that the first people in southeast asia were product of evolution and migration.Migration and evolution refer of the first people that lived in this world.(janine gonzales).
JOAN ERICKA SUAN BSBA ASS.NO 1
FRIDAY 10:30-1:30
I believed that through migration or traveled the first Filipinos came here in our country. Because if we base on the history, according to the migration theory by Henry Otley Beyer an American anthropologist, there were three race group of people came here in our country. He stated that the first group called ‘’Danwmen’’ . He also described the culture and way of living of those people. He stated that those people have no knowledge of agriculture and lived of hunting and fishing. Those people was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of land bridge that connect the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing their migratory nature, they eventually left Philippines for destination unknown.
The second was called Aetas or Negritoes it was becomes in our history those people crossed the land bridge from Malaya ,Borneo and they traveled untill they reached at Palawan Island, Mindoro and Mindanao . It was described the figures of those like style, way of living and culture. They were pygmies who went around practically naked and were good in hunting, fishing and food gathering. They used spears and small flint stones weapons. Because the land bridge disappeared due to the thinning of the ice glaciers and the subsequent increase in seawater level. And even in the present time this race of people remained in Philippines and some other provinces in our country. And some of them has an Educated . And continue to increase their numbers and preserved their culture . In fact there are some of our government officials show best personalities admitted that they came from native Aetas race of people.
According to Henry Otleya Beyer the Malays were the third race of people in our country. Those people travelled in boats that is why they came here in our country. The Malays were brown-skinned and of medium height, with straight black hair and flat nose. Those people engaged in poetry , weaving, jewelry making and metal smelting, and introduce the iirigation system in rice in planting.
And migration theory is my choice, and I believed that the first Filipinos’ came and reached here in our country. And the land bridge disappeared, and because of those natural events ‘’forced’’ them to remain in our country and became its permanent inhabitants. And we all know that until now there’s so many Aetas’ and Negritoes here in our country, like in Mindanao, Palawan, and Mindoro . And in Henry Otley Beyer theory which is the migration theory there is a possibility that this is true. And base on their physical appearance we have a similarity to them like our height, I didn’t mean all but mostly. And base on our national language which is the FILILIPINO LANGUAGE it is also came from the Malays.
I don’t believed the evolution theory by the Filipino Anthropologist Felipe Landa Jocano. Because it was baseless. Even in the BIBLE in Genesis chapter one GOD created human being base on his own image.
Michael M. San Jose
BSA (Friday 10:30-1:30)
In my own opinion it is easier to believe the theory of Mr. Henry Otley Beyer which is the Migration theory in which according to him the Philippines was once connected to the Mainland Asia by land bridges which gradually sank in the China Sea as a result of constant levelling of ocean waves. It was through this bridge that the first inhabitants came over to the Philippines. According to his theory our country was settled by three kinds of people which is the Negritos, Indonesians, and Malays. Wherein according to the Migration theory the negritos is the first who came to the Philippines across land bridges from Mainland Asia, they were called Aetas. And they came here around 25,000 years ago. They were called negritos because they have black skin, short kinky hair, thick lips and black noses.
However the Indonesians are the first group of people who migrate from the Philippines by the sea. They came about 5,000 years ago by sailing. They were described as tall, with light skin, thin lips while some of them also small, dark skin and large nose with thick lips. And today the Indonesians minority groups can be found in some interior parts of our country they are the Apayaos, Kalingas, Manobos, Tirurays, Gaddangs, Tagbanuas, Mandyas, Sabanuns, Ibanags, Bagobos, and Bukidnon.
While the Malays according to Mr. Otley Beyer they came to the Philippines about 2,000 years ago also arrived by the boats from South East Asia. According to the description they were medium in height, brown skin with dark eyes, flat nose and straight black hair. They were also legends to support the coming of Malays here in the Philippines one of the legend is the Maragtas wherein it tells there on how the first ten Malay datu left borneo and came to Panay. They bought land from the negritos and this legend is now celebrated in the famous ati-atihan fiesta and dance.
For me this theory is more likely to believe than the theory of Mr. Felipe Landa Jocano which he called Jocano’s Theory wherein there is limited evidences to support his theory. He only concluded that the people of prehistoric island of Southeast Asia belonged to the same population. It only grew out of combination of human evolution and movements of other people. He also stated that the series of waves migration as documented by folk history like the Maragtas has to be considered then there I should conclude that he has limited resources on his search in our prehistoric because he only mostly depends on the fossils that is being found. And he only presumed that this fossils is from human however, what if it is wrong and not actually came from human because we really do not have latest technology that time to know what exactly it is.
Haidelyn A. Mori...BEED....Friday..10:30-1:30...for me sir in my own opinion i agree in the theory of F.Landa Jocano a filipino anthropologist and historian who worked as a professor in the University of the Philippines Diliman. believes that Filipino are products of lengthy evolutionary process with distinct culture.We all know that in different country have a Filipino people.Thats why i believe of what Mr.F.Landa Jocano theory..that Filipino are not only came from Malay.We all know that Malay is a filipino also but they called "sinaunang tao"...The Ita.The Malay.and The Indonesia. and also i believe the theory of Henry Otley Beyer that there's a land bridge to go to another country.However.according to F.Landa Jocano he believes that the present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolution and movement of people.Filipino having a different cultures and beliefs.They use "balangay" to travel another country to exchange or barter their products.And speaking of "Malay"discovery may show that man came earlier to the Philippines than to the "Malay Peninsula".And we are not came from "Malayan Race".despite.all theory are true..but for me we are not came from Malayan Race. Instead i believe that years ago some Filipino came earlier than the Malay.These people eventually came from another country and went to philippines..Eventhough .we are they same cultures according the theory of F.Landa Jocano.
Assignment in Philippine History
Elvie T, Rebutazo
There are two theories on where the First Filipino came from namely: Beyers migration and Jocano’s Evolution. The migration theory of Beyer that the first Filipino called the “Dawnmen” (or “cavemen” because they lived in caves.).The Dawnmen resembled the java man and the peking man and other Home sapiens, they did not have any knowledge of agriculture, and lived by hunting and fishing.But according to Jocano this belief s will be corrected.Jocano’s further believes that the first Filipinos are the products of the long process of revolution and movement of people, this not only holds true for.
According to Jocano’s findings, the prehistoric islands of Southeast Asia were of the same population as the combination of human evolution that occurred in the islands of Southeast Asia.He state that ancient men cannot be categorized under any of the historically identified ethnic groups were Malays,Indonesians,Kayumangging Filipinos of today,and there is a Hindu Buddhist Pagans while others were muslims. The Hindu Buddhist Pagans were converted to Christianity by the Spaniards.
Base on the two theories that I read,the first Filipino migrants where came from the different places.but I agree about the ,migration of Henry Otley Beyer.He said that the second group of migrants was composed of dark-skinned pygmies called “Aetas” or Negritoes,that’s why the Filipino have a curly hair, then the Malays also were have brown-skinned and of medium height,with straight hair and flat noses, and I believe that the first Filipino have already a knowledge to know how to make a jewelry and metal smelting.
BY:JOY CAMILLE BALSOMO BSA
THIS TWO THEORY IS BOTH DESCRIBE ON HOW FILIPINOS CAME INTO EXISTENCE,THE MIGRATION THEORY OF PROFESSOR BEYER AND THE EVOLUTION THEORY OF F.LANDA JOCANO.WHERE THE THEORY OF JOCANO MOST CONVINCE ME MOST,NOT FOR THE REASON THAT SHE IS ALSO A FILIPINO,BUT ALL INFORMATION THAT CONTENTS IN HER THEORY IS CONVINCING THAN BEYER.HE SAYS THAT THERE IS NO WAY OF DETERMINING THAT THERE IS NEGRITOES AT ALL.HOWEVER,WHAT IS SURE IS THAT THERE IS AN EVIDENCE IN ALL HER DISCOVERIES THAN TO BEYER THAT THERE IS NO SATISFIED EVIDENCE AT HIS THEORY.
BECAUSE BEYERS THEORY IS HAVE NO EVIDENCE THAT MAKE HIM UNQUESWTIONED EXPERT ON PHILIPPINE PREHISTORY BUT ONLY A SUFFICIENT REASON FOR DOUBTING IS THAT ONLY HIS SUPPORT TO PROVE HIS THEORY BUT NOT LIKE JOCANO SHE GIVE AN EVIDENCE THAT CAN PROVE HER THEORY LIKE WHAT SHE SHE SAID OR HER FINDINGS THAT THE PEOPLE OF PREHISTORIC ISLANDS OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN WERE OF THE SAME POPULATION AS THE COMBINATION OF HUMAN EVOLUTION THAT OCCURED IN THE ISLAND OF SOUTHEAST ASIA ABOUT 1.9MILLION YEARS AGO IN THE PAST.
ON THAT FINDINGS THAT JOCANO SAID THE EVIDENCE FOR THAT IS THE FOSSIL MATERIAL FOUND IN DIFFERENTS PARTS OF THE REGION AND THE MOVEMENTS OF OTHER PEOPLE FROM THE A SIAN MAINLAND DURING HISTORIC TIMES AND THE ONE CONVICE ME MOST IS THE SKULL CAP AND A PORTION OF A JAW THAT FOUND BY HER,PRESUMED TO BE THOSE OF A HUMAN BEING,WERE IN FOUND IN TABON CAVE IN PALAWAN,THAT BECAME THE MOST OLDEST BONES IN MANY SEVERAL YEARS,JOCANO IS THE ANTHROPOLOGIST THAT FOUND AND GIVE A DATA IN THIS BONES.
IT IS ALSO IN JOCANOS THEORY BASE TO HER SOME OF THE FILIPINO ETHNIC GROUPS WERE HINDU-BUDDIST THAT CONVERTED TO CHRISTIANITY WHEN THE SPANIARDS CAME AND THE AMERICAN LATER ARRIVEDAND INTRODUCED FURTHER CULTURAL CHANGES,WHICH MADE THE FILIPINOS MORE AND MORE DIFFERENTFROM THE PEOPLE OF OTHER SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES.HE STATE THAT THIS ANCIENT MENCANNOT BE CATEGORIZED UNDER OF ANY OF THE HISTORICALLY IDENTIFIED ETHNIC GROUPS(MALAYS,INDONESIANS,KAYUMANGGING FILIPINOS)OF TODAY.THIS DISCOVERIES MAY SHOW THAT CAME EArLIER TO THE PHILIPPINES THAN TO THE MALAY PENINSULA.
MANY DIFFERENCES CAN SHOW BETWEEN MIGRATION AND EVOLUTION THEORY,THE REASON WHY IM NOT CHOOSE THE THEORY OF BEYER BECAUSE OF UNSUPPORTED DATA OF HIS THEORY,THERES MANY PROCESS THAT HE ESTABLISHED IN HIS DISCOVERY,THERE IS NO DEFINITE EVIDENCE,ARCHAELOGICAL OR HISTORICAL TO SUPPORT THIS MIGRATION THEORY THAT HE DISCOVERED.
SO THATS WHY IM CHOOSE EVOLUTION THEORY BECAUSE IT GIVE ME AN IDEA TO COMPARE THE PAST FROM THE PRESENT AND YOU WILL SEE THAT THE RESULT OF HER DISCOVERIES IS THEIR.YOU WILL ALSO SEE THE DIFFERENCE WHEN IT TALK ABOUT THE EFFORT JOCANO SEARCH VERY MUCH A N EVIDENCE TO PROVE HER THEORY AND HER FOCUS TO COMPLETE HER DATA OF HER DISCOVERIES.
I HAVE AN ANOTHER OPINON TO BEYERS THEORY FOR ME HIS THEORY IS JUST LIKE THE RESULT OF HIS OBSERVATION ONLY AND WITH IMAGINATION SO THATS WHY HE CANT SEARCH A VALIED MORE DATA TO SUPPORT MORE HIS THEORY HE JUST ONLY SAYS WHAT HE SEE,HE NOT GIVE AN EFFORT TO SEARCH AN EVIDENCE TO PROVE HIS MIGRATION THEORY THATS WHY IM FAVOR IN JOCANOS THEORY.
Docallos
BSIT
In my case i believe the theory of F. Landa Jocano.A Filipino anthropologist.Jocano believed that the fossil evidenced of ancient men show's that they came not only to the Philippines but to new Guinea,Java,Borneo,and Australia.He said also that there is a positive proof that man was in the Philippines as early as 21,000 or 22,000 years ago.So its possible that before the arrival of the Malays or Malayan there are already Filipino that are living here in the Philippines.That's why I disagreed that Filipino came from Malays or Malayan as what H. Otley Beyer said.Although Jocano maintains that the present Filipinos,Indonesians, and Malaysia is the long process of evolution.They stand co-equal as ethic groups with out any of one being the dominant group racially or culturally.but the Filipinos culture is Malay in orientation the difference are due to the response of their environment and the adjustment to their environment.
One thing also that i believed the theory of Jocano siad that there is an evidenced that convinced me most.How can I believed a one theory if there is no evidence.
The explanation of the people of the Philippines through a series of waves of migration as documented by folk history like the Maragtas must be considered.The undue credit given to the Malays as the original settlers of the region and dominant cultural must be corrected because we all know that the emerging of the culture,the Malays,the Filipinos,and Indonesians are co-equal any one of them being racially or culturally dominant.The Filipinos as what Jocano said we have a distinct culture .He is a Filipino anthropologist and a Professor of University of the Philippines.As a Filipino of course I believed Filipino knows the best when it comes to the history of the Filipino people.
friday,august06,2010 10:30-01:30pm
patrick j. irlanda
Ayon kay jocanos ang mga filipino ay galing nagmula sa malay at negritoes at malay who migrated to the phillipines a thousand of year ago and according jocano it is difficult to prove that negritoes were the first inhabitats of this country.Because only things that can positively conclude from the fossil and the things can found on the country of the phillipines. the first pilipino a skullp band a portion of a jaw-presume to the human body origin can found in the cave of tabon in the palawan.But the a better explanation the people of the phillipines is long process of evolution and migration.Because all people are have the same culture,believes ,practices an even similar tools and implements
Rosella S. Mabalot
BSA
It Otley Beyer, founder of the Anthropology Department of the University of the Philippines. He unquestioned expert on Philippines prehistory, exerting early leadership in the field and influencing the first generation of the Filipino historian and anthropologist. According to Beyer, the ancestors of the Filipinos came in different “Waves of migration”, the “Dawn Man” a cave man type who was similar to java man, Peking man, and other Asian homo sapiens, the negritos who arrived through land bridges, the sea faring tool who used by Indonesian were the first immigrants to reach the Philippines. By sea , and last but not the least the seafaring, more civilized Malays who brought the iron age and where the real colonized and dominant cultural group in the Philippines. But, anthropologist F. Landa Jocano of the university of the Philippines. Criticized Beyer’s theory, particularly on the issue of the Negritos as the inhabitants of the Philippines. He argue that the fossils remain on ancient men could no way identified such as, and he even charged those colonizers to deliberate the population into ethnics groups to advance their interest on colonist on colonials. He defend that the discovery proved that man came earlier to the Philippines than Malay peninsula, therefore the first inhabitants of the former did not come from the latter. Jocano believes that presents Filipinos are the products of the long process of evolution and movements of people, he says that is not correct to attribute the Filipino culture as being Malay, because according to his findings the people of prehistoric Island was the same population of the combination of human evolution that occurred in the Island. He gives the proofs like fossil material found in the different parts of the regions and the movements of other people from the Asian mainland.
But unfortunately the two Anthropologists have no definite evidence, historical to support this theory. On the contrary there is no sufficient reason for doubting about it. Beyer used scientific methods of progressive evolution while Jocano used those skull and jawbone to criticize what Beyer’s theory.
And from now on many scientists believe that the Philippines once was a part of Mainland China. According to those scientist the waters surrounding the Philippines exposing the large bodies of land, these became the land bridges connecting the Philippines to the Asian Mainland, but is a such scientist questioned the validity of the theory of the theory of the land bridges, they maintain that the Philippines was never been a part of the Mainland Asia. There is a different theory how the Filipino came in the Philippines but maybe some of this day one anthropologist tell more about the historical and give a distinct evidence to explain his own theory and make all of us satisfied, and give no more doubt how the Filipino exist.
I believe in Beyer’s theory of migration. Actually, when I was in high school, it’s one of our topic. My former teachers teach us about the Tabon man, Peking man, Dawn man, Cave man, Negritos and Aetas. Our teachers told us that they are good in fishing, hunting and how to live in a forest and inside and out of the forest. They learned how to make a fire using to stones by rubbing it to each other. They are smart. And also Negritos and aetas, for me they are 92 percent the same appearance compared to us. They have dark-skin, flat-nose, rounded-eyes, and many equal appearance comparing to us. Until now, there are Negritos and Aetas living around the world especially here in the Philippines. They are the perfect Pilipino. They can live with their own mind and thinking and they can learn anything. They are nice in all things. Some of them are in a province of Mindanao and Visayas and only 10 or 15 percent of them are living now in Luzon. When they are in their place, they live nice, comfortable and free, they can eat three times a day but, when some of them live and became strangers here in Luzon, they are in the streets. They become pathetic. They didn’t live free, comfortable and nice. They racing their hands to other people and wanted to give them some money or food to eat. When I am always thinking about Cave man, Java man, Tabon man, Peking man, I am very proud of them. They learned how to make a fire and how to hunt animals in the forest and fishes in the river. They learn how to survive even if the forest was dangerous. They learned how to be a careful person. If they are not the one to live first, whose going to learn how to make a fire? How to hunt animals in the forest? How to hunt fishes in the river? Maybe people at the present of this year, don’t know how to make a fire, cook food, hunt the food and live by their own only. We just follow and develop and still developing what they started to know and what they learned and discovered. They also learned how to make their home or house. They learn how to build it. We are one of those people who will develop their believing and to enhance others to develop also their skills and knowledge so that they can survive in a challenge. We have to read more books and search in the internet so that we are able to know about their whole life story. And be able to know all about the facts and ideas from them. We have to search more about our past life. And know more things about that and they also discovered and learned. So that we can answer the question,” What are the kinds or their experience by living inside and out the forest. That’s all thank you.
PEREIRA, Rose Anne O.
BSCS1
I believe in Beyer’s theory of migration. Actually, when I was in high school, it’s one of our topic. My former teachers teach us about the Tabon man, Peking man, Dawn man, Cave man, Negritos and Aetas. Our teachers told us that they are good in fishing, hunting and how to live in a forest and inside and out of the forest. They learned how to make a fire using to stones by rubbing it to each other. They are smart. And also Negritos and aetas, for me they are 92 percent the same appearance compared to us. They have dark-skin, flat-nose, rounded-eyes, and many equal appearance comparing to us. Until now, there are Negritos and Aetas living around the world especially here in the Philippines. They are the perfect Pilipino. They can live with their own mind and thinking and they can learn anything. They are nice in all things. Some of them are in a province of Mindanao and Visayas and only 10 or 15 percent of them are living now in Luzon. When they are in their place, they live nice, comfortable and free, they can eat three times a day but, when some of them live and became strangers here in Luzon, they are in the streets. They become pathetic. They didn’t live free, comfortable and nice. They racing their hands to other people and wanted to give them some money or food to eat. When I am always thinking about Cave man, Java man, Tabon man, Peking man, I am very proud of them. They learned how to make a fire and how to hunt animals in the forest and fishes in the river. They learn how to survive even if the forest was dangerous. They learned how to be a careful person. If they are not the one to live first, whose going to learn how to make a fire? How to hunt animals in the forest? How to hunt fishes in the river? Maybe people at the present of this year, don’t know how to make a fire, cook food, hunt the food and live by their own only. We just follow and develop and still developing what they started to know and what they learned and discovered. They also learned how to make their home or house. They learn how to build it. We are one of those people who will develop their believing and to enhance others to develop also their skills and knowledge so that they can survive in a challenge. We have to read more books and search in the internet so that we are able to know about their whole life story. And be able to know all about the facts and ideas from them. We have to search more about our past life. And know more things about that and they also discovered and learned. So that we can answer the question,” What are the kinds or their experience by living inside and out the forest. That’s all thank you.
PEREIRA, Rose Anne O.
BSCS1
Gelardine A. Aldema
BSBA
Beyer's Migration Theory believes that Filipinos came from different groups, particularly from Malays of Malaysia, through migration with the use of land bridges. The Aeta (Negrito), a short dark skinned, kinky- haired human, hailing from Central Asia, traveled to the Philippines by foot by way of the land bridges. The Aeto is purported to have brought to the archipelago skills in the use of the blow- gun and the bow and arrow (in 25,000 - 30,000 BC).
F. Landa Jocano believes that Filipinos are products of lengthy evolutionary process with distinct culture.
In my own opinion, I agree to the theory of F. Landa Jocano about his theory because he has the evidence of a fossil that he discovered that show’s why Filipino’s are stayed here in the Philippines now a day. Just like the skull that he discovered at the Tabon Cave in Palawan in 1962, however if we are going to analyze what parts of the body he discovered and what kind of human being are those. I’m sure that the Malay’s are Filipinos who came from here in Philippines and not from the other countries. On the other hand if Filipinos are come from the other countries, why is it that majority of Filipino’s are living here in the Philippines? If we try to consider that the Filipinos are came from the other countries like what the theory of Otley H. Beyer, then why we are still different from them a lot? Why we are not looked like them? Even our face, color, even behavior and abilities are very unique than them, especially in our culture. If some Filipinos are known that they are not came from the Philippines and came from the other countries, then why we are called Malay’s or Filipinos?
That is why I believe on the theory of Jocano because we came from Malay’s here in Philippines and not in the other countries because of the land bridges theory of Beyer. We are Malay’s because we are Filipino’s who has a different characteristic like being hospitable, good in pakikisama at pakikipagkapwa tao. We are also a close family ties that unlike the other countries that the parents are not really concerned to their children. We are the original Malays or Filipinos because we are or not all of us but sometimes is lack of initiative and being individualistic unlike the other country if what does Beyer theorize in land bridges that the Filipinos came from different countries then why we have a big difference from them? That is why I agreed on the theory of Jocano.
I also agreed on the theory of Jocano because he is a Filipino and I am a Filipino also.
Jocano knows better about the Filipinos than Beyer, he understood a Filipino traits and characteristic than Beyer. But then, I’m giving the benefit of the doubt on the theory of Otley H. Beyer because it is also true that the land bridges theory is exist because of the barter change during that time. On the contrary the malay’s came from the Philippines were Filipino had only one group, that they called maharlikan. This people spread the languages to the Philippines and then change it into different kinds of language such as Bisayan, Ilocano, kapampangan, bicolanos and tagalog.
May ann c Campos Friday 10;30-1;30
fo r me the jocanos theory "evolution theory convince me most.It is because here he stated on how filipinos came into existence and he believes that filipinos are products of lengthly evolutionary process with distinct culture.from his theory i have an example to explain why i choose evolution theory.the first inhabitants of the Philippines did not came from the malay peninsula.jocano further believes that the present filipinos are products of evolution and movement of people.this is not only holds true for filipinos but for the indonesians and the malay of malaysian as well.no group among the three is culturally of racially dominant.hence jocano says that it is not correct to attribute the filipino culture as being malayan in orientation.
but the Beyer's theory has some true information too like the "dawn man" a cave-man type who was similar to java man peking man and other asian homosapiens of 25 000 years ago.the aboriginal pygmy group the negritos who arrived between 25 000 and 30 000 year ago via landbridges.the sea-fearing tool using indonesia group who arrived about 5000 to 6000 years ago and was the first immagrate to reach the Philippines by sea.but in his theory there is no definite evidence instead ther are sufficient reasons doubting about his theory.
and base on my own opinion i do believe too that ancestors of the filipinos doesnt came from different "waves of migration"instead it is through evolution that there is no way of determining if they were negritos at all.However what is sure is that there is evidence the philippines was inhabited as early as 21 000 or 22 000 years ago.
what makes me convinsed most is that.In 1962 a skull cap and a portion of a jaw persumed to be those of a human being were found in a tabon cave in palawan province.the discovery may show that man came earlier to the Philippines than to the Malay Peninsula.so this means that if this is really true the first inhabitants of the philippines did not come from the malay Peninsula.
jaquias,rany m.
BSIT-1
Many historians and scientists believe that the first inhabitants of the Philippine islands emerged during the Pleistocene period. There are two theories on where the inhabitants came from namely: Beyer’s “Migration Theory” and Jocano’s “Evolution Theory”. Noted social scientist Henry Otley Beyer believes that Filipinos descended from different groups that came from Southeast Asia in successive waves of migration. Each group had a distinct culture, with it’s own customs and traditions. While Jocano believes that Asians, including Filipinos are the result of a lengthy process of evolution and migration.
Genevene Hulipas (BEED)tuesday 9-12
The theory of Otley Beyer The Filipinos are became the Malay or Malayans in during that time in the country in Malaysia.regarding the peopling in the archipelago in the version in the phillipine history.
and the first Filipino called the Dawn man and it is similar to the java man and other Asian Homo Sapiens of 250,000 years ago.the islands at the dawn time. until they next to settle in islands in the aboriginal pygmy
groups or the negritos,and said the land bridges from Malay Peninsula, Borneo and Australia they are disappeared. and the third arrive in seafaring and the tool-using Indonesian group came here 5,000 to 6,000 years ago. in the waves in migration. and the last they reach the archipelago Malays introducing the Iron Age culture,and they moved into the islands from 300 B.C to the 14th and 15th centuries A.D. The Beyers migration theory and presently a number of years.and also shared in the common traits or base on our culture they were used the fashioned tools and the ornaments. In the definite destination in the period of the time. They were different came in the philipines in the Jocanos theory there are some evidence to explain about our own theory to scientists or anthropologys in maintained those evidences..and they these kind of methods to accurated people in culture and beliefs.
Assignment in history:
Marynel D. Lopo
Bshrm 2
Philippine history
Migration theory:
For me I would agree of what boyer’s Migration Theory said, because I believe that the people before lived only at the cave they don’t have enough knowledge about agriculture and they live only by hunting and fishing, that is the way they do to have a food for their family..theycome to the Philippines get the other foods except the foods that their hunting by crossing land bridges connecting to the country. We all know that “aetas” also came here in fact until now they still exist in the country. An aetas people are like to walk and continue walking in order to find food. Now aetas was shown in the public, they asked people to give them money. On the other side I can say that aeta people are generous because they survived until at the present time. Many kinds of people who came here in the Philippines with the different culture and lifestyle.
Migration theory by Henry Otley Beyer believes that the Filipinos descended from different groups tha came from southeast asia in successive waves of mugration. Each group had a distinc culture with its own customs and tradition.
Evolution theory by Felipe Land Jocano believes that asian, including Filipinos are the result of a Lenghtly process of evolution and migration.
Para sa akin mas pabor ako sa migration theory na ginawa ni Henry Otley Beyer dahil sinsabi ditto na ang mga pilipino daw ay nagmula sa magkakaibang grupo na nagmula sa timog kanluran ng asya na matagumpay na palipat lipat ng mga ito. Ang bawat grupo ay may kanya kanyang kultura, pananamit at tradisyon, ipinapaliwang kasi sa theory ni henrey beyer na ang unang migrants ay ang mga taong kweba dahil nakatira sila sa kweba, o tintawag din na taong java, taong peking. Sinasabi na ang sinaunang tao na naabubuhay ay walang anumang kaalaman sa agrikultura at nabubuhay lang sila sa panghuhuli ng mga hayop at pangingisda. Ang pangalawa ayon sa theorya ay binubuo ng maiitim na balat na tinatawag na aeta, ita o mga negritos na sinsabing tinawid nila ang Malaya borneo at ang Australia hanggang sa marating nila ang palawan, mindoro, sinsabi rin dito na ang mga katutubong ito ay nasa pilipinas na ng tulay na nagdudugtong upang makarating sila sa ibang lugar ay nagsimula ng mawala at lumubog dahil sa pagtaas at paglalim ng tubig.
Dahil sa paglubogat pagkawala ng tulay ang mga sumunod na mga nakarating dito ay ang mga Indonesian na nakarating gamit ang bangka,mas moderno sila kesa sa mga ita pagdating sa sandata at pamumuhay,
Sinasabi din ni bayer na ang huling nakarating dito sa pilipinas ay ang mga malay na pininiwalang nanggaling sa ibat ibang lugar ng java Sumatra at borneo, sila ay mas higit sa ita at Indonesian pagdating sa pamumuhay.
Mas panig ako sa migration kasi nakadetalye lath ng mga pangyayari kung paano nakapunta ang ating mga ninuno simula sa mga ita, Indonesian at malay, kung paano sila nakapunta at anung klaseng pamumuhay meron sila at kung anu ang kultura ang dala nila, hindi katulad ng evolution theory na sinasabing ang mga unag tao noon ay nabubuhay lamang sa pagkuha ng mga dahon prutas halamn para sa kanilang pagkain.
Na nagyon sa panahon natin paano natin nakuha sa teorya ni jocano ang pamumuhay natin ngayon ang tanging agkuha ng dahon, halamn at prutas lang at paano nagawa ng mga taong ito na paunlarin ang kanilang pamumuhay na tulad ng pamumuhay natin ngayon.
EPE LEPESANA ESPINOSA 111
BSE-ENG
MW 7:30-9:00 AM
Maybe I would agree of what Jocano’s evolution theory said on his article, because he probes it by gathering some data or information and until now we are still seen it on the museum her in the Philippines. There are many kinds of tribe’s who came or migrated here in the Philippines. Different kind of culture and belief’s, they came here in the Philippines by crossing the land bridges that connected the land’s country from another country. this kind of people or tribe’s who migrated here in the Philippines are the people who had a very strong determination in living. Because even if they don’t have enough knowledge, but they still fight in order to lived and exist in this country. they uses stone as there weapon for hunting some animals so that they have a food to be eat. They also gathered fruits and vegetable as there food.
The Aeta people or the what we called Negreteos are still exist in this country. Even though they don’t have enough knowledge on how to mingle with other tribe’s. but they still surviving. On my part I’m very thankful because our ancestor’s gain some important technique on how to use the alternative medicine as cure for some illnesses. Even now science are still use the herbal medicine as one of their ingredients on making the drug that we buy on the mercury drug now.
Maybe time goes by and the tribe’s aeta will also become more prepared and competitive. Because I know that they also have an intelligent mind. The only thing that locked them from being unprepared is that they don’t have an enough knowledge. But when time come that this kind of people would go to school. They will become more upgraded than before.
Now we see some people who are walking in the street, they are the igurot. They came from some areas which is they don’t know the modern world they try their selves to expose in the modern and liberated places. They exist in the place where in the people goes by. They ask people to gave a them a money to buy food. They bring their child while walking in the street. They just ignore the heat of the sun as long as they can just have a food to eat. Maybe if the government would focus their attention to this people and make a project that can help them, they could also find a job that can help their selves. And live a live which is very different from the life that they have now.
JOHN LLOYD O. SAPILAN
BSA-I
SAT 8:00-9:00
I believe in magration theory that the first human was the cavemen.They eventually left the philippines for destination unknown.And we all know and believe that aetas or negritoes is the orginal who living at the philippines.We can say that because we know that aetas or negritoes were already in the philippines.When the land bridges disappeared due to the thinning of the ice glaciers and the subequent increase in seawater level.And the last human were in philippines is the malays.Malays more advanced of their predecessors.They engaded in potter,weaving,jewelry making and metal smetting and introduced the irrigation system in rice planting.I believe Filipinoes came from malays and some from aetas.Megration theory was proven theory according in our history.I can say that migration theory was the same of our history and the history of the philippines was proven.So that migration theory was right.
I-BSBA
KENNETH CASAS
Unfortunately,there is no definite evidence in any theory.For me I will support the theory of Jocano because like what Jocano said there is no way of determining if they were Negritoes at all.However,what is sure is that there is evidence that the Philippines was inhabited as early as 22,000 years ago.In 1962 like Jocano said there is a skull cap and a portion of a jaw presumed to be a human being that were found in Tabon Cave in Palawan Province,in that case it says that or tells us that we really need to support the theory of Jocano because they found that there is human being in Tabon Cave in Palawan,so that the man came from Philippines not in Malay Peninsula and like Jocano I believe that the Filipinos are products of a long process of Evolution and a movement of people.As you can see not only the Filipinos that holds the theory of Jocano's theory for that it telling us that we need to support this theory .According to Jocano's findings there is a combination of human evolution about 1.9 million yeares ago.The Filipinos came from Philippines!
BSE - ENGLISH
TALOSIG TRISHIA MAE
Despite from Dr. Henry Otley Beyer an american anthropologist; propesor of the Philippines university of the Philippines there for he concluded and justifying his opinions about that:
The Filipino raises were have been able formed by migration of different raises that exist from 25,000 and 30,000 years ago via… according to him here are the man’s who inhibited in the Philippines :
The Filipino raises were have been able formed by migration of different raises that exist from 25,000 and 30,000 years ago via… according to him here are the man’s who inhibited in the Philippines :
"Dawn Man", a cave-man type who was similar to Java man, Peking Man, and other Asian homo sapiens of 250,000 years ago.
The aboriginal pygmy group, the Negritos, who arrived between 25,000 and 30,000 years ago via land bridges.
The sea-faring tool-using Indonesian group who arrived about 5,000 to 6,000 years ago and were the first immigrants to reach the Philippines by sea.
The seafaring, more civilized Malays who brought the Iron age culture and were the real colonizers and dominant cultural group in the pre-Hispanic Philippines.
even there are people not satisfied on his theory may be i am beliving on his statement :"that accordance to him that the ancestors of the Filipinos came "in different waves of migrations" ! >.< THERES no assurance with otley's Beyers theory
_____________________________________________________________
while Jocano's theory dealing that the Raise of Filipino existed because of the early evolution and movement...
he said that even in New guinea , Borneo,and Australia exist the people like tabon cave and Indonesians and etc.
there for i conclude that i am convinced to Jocano's theory
for me the Filipino existed by means of early evolution and
the movement ...we can not say that our raises was formed only in one raises like Malays,negrito's,indonisian ect. and because of the migration of this people they were been able to mix there culture that made the FILIPINO more UNIQUE.
QUINCESS SIASICO
BSBA- FRIDAY 10:30_1:30 Philippine history
ang aking opinion tungkol sa aking nabasa..
The Malays now constitute the largest portion of the populace and what Filipinos now have is an Austronesia culture.
Anthropologist F. Landa Jocano of the University of the Philippines contends that what fossil evidence of ancient men show is that they not only migrated to the Philippines, but also to New Guinea, Borneo, and Australia. He says that there is no way of determining if they were Negritoes at all. However, what is sure is that there is evidence the Philippines was inhabited as early as 21,000 or 22,000 years ago. In 1962, a skull cap and a portion of a jaw, presumed to be those of a human being, were found in a Tabon Cave in Palawan Province. The discovery may show that man came earlier to the Philippines than to the Malay Peninsula. If this is true, the first inhabitants of the Philippines did not come from the Malay Peninsula. Jocano further believes that the present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolution and movement of people. This not only holds true for Filipinos, but for the Indonesians and the Malays of Malaysia, as well. No group among the three is culturally or racially dominant. Hence, Jocano says that it is not correct to attribute the Filipino culture as being Malayan in orientation. According to Jocano's findings, the people of the prehistoric islands of Southeast Asia were of the same population as the combination of human evolution that occurred in the islands of Southeast Asia about 1.9 million years ago. The claimed evidence for this is fossil material found in different parts of the region and the movements of other people from the Asian mainland during historic times. He states that these ancient men cannot be categorized under any of the historically identified ethnic groups (Malays, Indonesians, kayumangging Filipinos) of today. Some Filipino ethnic groups were Hindu-Buddhist pagans while others were Muslims
Philippine historian William Henry Scott has pointed out that Palawan and the Calamianes Islands are separated from Borneo by water with an average depth of 40 meters and nowhere deeper than 100 meters, that south of a line drawn between Saigon and Brunei the depth of the South China Sea does not exceed 100 meters, and that the Strait of Malacca reaches 50 meters only at one point.[19] Scott also asserts that the Sulu Archipelago is not the peak of a submerged mountain range connecting Mindanao and Borneo, but the exposed edge of three small ridges produced by techtonic tilting of the sea bottom in recent geologic times. Scott also points out that Mindoro and the Calamianes are separated by a channel more than 500 meters deep, saying that it is clear that Palawan and the Calamianes do not stand on a submerged land bridge, but were once a hornlike protuberance on the shoulder of a continent whose southern shoreline used to be the present islands of Java and Borneoa and the Human fossil records indicate that the Philippines may have been inhabited for thousands of years
There are two theories on where the inhabitants (first Filipinos) came from namely: Beyer’s “Migration Theory” and Jocano’s “Evolution Theory”. Noted social scientist Henry Otley Beyer believes that Filipinos descended from different groups that came from Southeast Asia in successive waves of migration. Each group had a distinct culture, with it’s own customs and traditions. While Jocano believes that Asians, including Filipinos are the result of a lengthy process of evolution and migration.American anthropologist H. Otley Beyer was the first to propose that Malays who came from Malaysia populated the Philippines in a handful of waves of migration. Timeline of Philippine history The History of The Philippines is believed to have begun with the arrival of the first humans via Land bridges at least.There have been several models of early human migration to the Philippines. Since H. Otley Beyer first proposed his wave migration theory, numerous scholars have approached the question of how, when and why humans first came to the Philippines. The question of whether the first humans arrived from the south or from the north has been a subject of heated debate for decades. Beyer's theory, while still popular among lay Filipinos, has been generally been disputed by anthropologists and historians. Reasons for doubting it are founded on Beyer's use of 19th century scientific methods of progressive evolution and migratory diffusion as the basis for his hypothesis. These methods have since been proven to be too simple and unreliable to explain the prehistoric peopling of the Philippines.Felipe Landa Jocano disputes Beyer’s belief that Filipinos descended from Negritoes and Malays who migrated to the Philippines thousands of years ago. According to Jocano, it is difficult to prove that Negritoes were the first inhabitants of this country. The only thing that can positively concluded from fossil evidence, he says is that the first men who came to the Philippines also went to New Guinea, Java, Borneo, and Australia. Instead of the Migration Theory, Jocano advances the Evolution Theory, as a better explanation of how our country was first inhabited by human beings, Jocano believes that the first people of Southeast Asia were products of a long process of evolution and migration. His research indicates that they shared more or less the same culture, beliefs, practices an even similar tools and implements.In reference to Beyer's wave model, he points out that there is no definitive way to determine what the race to which the fossils belonged, and that all that is sure is that the discovery of Tabon Man proves that the Philippines was inhabited as early as 21,000 or 22,000 years ago. If this is true, the first inhabitants of the Philippines would not have come from the Malay Peninsula. Instead, Jocano postulates that the present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolution and movement of people. He also adds that this is also true of Indonesians and Malaysians, with none among the three peoples being the dominant carrier of culture. In fact, he suggests that the ancient men who populated Southeast Asia cannot be categorized under any of these three groups. He thus further suggests that it is not correct to attribute the Filipino culture as being Malayan in orientation.
Renato A. Punzalan
Philippine History
BSA-1 Friday 10:30 to 1:30
Henry Otley Beyer’s Migration Theory and Felipe Landa Jocano’s Evolution Theory are the two theories on where the inhabitants or the first Filipino came into existence. Among the two theories, I am convince by Felipe Landa Jocano. Below is his theory.
Jocano's theory of earlier evolution and movement
Anthropologist Felipe Landa Jocano of the University of the Philippines contends that what fossil evidence of ancient men show is that they not only migrated to the Philippines, but also to New Guinea, Borneo, and Australia. He says that there is no way of determining if they were Negritoes at all. However, what is sure is that there is evidence the Philippines was inhabited as early as 21,000 or 22,000 years ago. In 1962, a skull cap and a portion of a jaw, presumed to be those of a human being, were found in a Tabon Cave in Palawan Province. The discovery may show that man came earlier to the Philippines than to the Malay Peninsula. If this is true, the first inhabitants of the Philippines did not come from the Malay Peninsula. Jocano further believes that the present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolution and movement of people. This not only holds true for Filipinos, but for the Indonesians and the Malays of Malaysia, as well. No group among the three is culturally or racially dominant. Hence, Jocano says that it is not correct to attribute the Filipino culture as being Malayan in orientation. According to Jocano's findings, the people of the prehistoric islands of Southeast Asia were of the same population as the combination of human evolution that occurred in the islands of Southeast Asia about 1.9 million years ago. The claimed evidence for this is fossil material found in different parts of the region and the movements of other people from the Asian mainland during historic times. He states that these ancient men cannot be categorized under any of the historically identified ethnic groups (Malays, Indonesians, kayumangging Filipinos) of today. Some Filipino ethnic groups were Hindu-Buddhist pagans while others were Muslims. The Hindu-Buddhist pagans were converted to Christianity by the Spaniards. The Americans later arrived and introduced further cultural changes, which made the Filipinos more and more different from the peoples of other Southeast Asian countries.
Jocano’s theory is much convincing rather than Henry Otley Beyer’s theory because the later theory have been proven to be too simple and unrealiable to explain the prehistoric peopling of the Philippines. There is no definite evidence or historical bases to support his Migration Theory. The empirical archeological data for the theory was based on surface finds and mere conjecture, with much imagination and unproven data included. Undue credit is given to Malays as the original settlers of the lowland regions and the dominant cultural transmitter. Since Jocano’s theory is also not proven because of no evidence has survived which would indicate details of Ancient Filipino life such as their crops, color, and architecture, therefore the two theories describes such details into a pure hypothesis.
Claudine Lopez
BSBA 10:30-1:30
There are two dominant theories on how Filipinos came into existence:one,that of Beyer's "Migration Theory" which believes that Filipinos came from different groups particularly from Malays of Malaysia,through migration wiht the use of land bridges,the second one was of F. Landa Jocano who strongly believes that Filipino are products of lengthy evolutionary proces with distinct culture .
Each anthro pologist presented teir own point of view on how Filipino came into existence.But the theory which convince me more is that of F. Landa Jocano because threre was an evidence that the Philippines was inhavited as early as 21,000 or 22,000 years ago in contrast with H. Otley Beyer theory that Negritos the (first to migrate) arrived between 25,000 or 30,000 years ago via land bridges also the discovery of a skull cap and a portion of a jaw presumed to be those of human being in a Tabon Cave in Palawan Province year 1962 ,which show that the man came earlier to the Philippines than to Malay Peninsula which opposes Beyer's belief that Filipinos ancestors were the Malays.
Also,the people of prehistoric islands of Southeast Asia were of the same population on the combination of human evolution that occured in the islands of Southeast Asia on about 1.9 million years ago.The claimed evidence for this is fossil material found in different parts of the region and the movements of other people from the Asian mainland during historic time.
Crisanto C. Ada
BSCS
There are two theories on the first inhabitant in the Philippines; The Beyers and Jocano Theory.
According to Beyer’s theory there are four migrants who came to the Philippines with different races, the first migrant are known as the cavemen or dawn men, they did not knowledge on agriculture and lived by hunting and fishing. It was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing perhaps to their migratory nature, they eventually left the Philippines for destinations unknown.
The second people in the Philippines are the Aetas. They crossed the land bridged from Malaya, Borneo, and Australia until they reached Palawan, Mindoro and Mindanao. They were pygmies who went around practically naked and were good at hunting, fishing and food gathering. They used spears and small flint stones weapons. of the disappearance of the land bridges.
the third wave of migrants was necessarily skilled in seafaring. These were the Indonesians, who came to the islands in boats. They were more advanced than the Aetas in that: they had tools made out of stone and steel, which enabled them to build sturdier houses: they engaged in farming and mining, and used materials made of brass; they wore clothing and other body ornaments.
Last to migrate to the Philippines, according to Beyer, were Malays, like the Indonesians, they also traveled in boats. The Malays were brown-skinned and of medium height, with straight black hair and flat noses. Their technology was said to be more advanced than that of their predecessors. They engaged in pottery, weaving, jewelry making and metal smelting, and introduced the irrigation system in rice planting.
According to Jocanos theory it’s not the Aetas, Malays and Indonesians were the first who migrates in the Philippines but instead it’s the “Tabo Man” or Java Man, Peking Man. The “Tabon Man”is said to resemble Java Man and Peking Man. He gathered fruits, leaves and plants for his food. He hunted with weapons made of stone. Although further research is still being done on his life and culture, evidence shows that he was already capable of using his brain in order to survive and keep himself safe.
In this presentation of data the more complete information gathered and analyzed was the Beyer’s theory. As my opinion I believed in Beyer’s theory because the Aetas were already in the Philippines when the land bridges disappeared due to the thinning of the ice glaciers and the subsequent increase in seawater level. This natural events “forced” them to remain in the country and become its first permanent inhabitants, and in the Philippines our most ancient ancestor belief who resides in the nation was the Aetas. Beyer’s present his theory vividly than Jocano, I believe in the theory of Beyer why? Mostly scientist persuaded that to see is to believe, they are still Aetas in our country and still living, most of them are quite educated and adapting the technology that we have right now.
More over Jocano’s theory presented the Tabo Man was not successfully defend and there are still some flows that needed to be answered.
Crisanto C. Ada
BSCS
There are two theories on the first inhabitant in the Philippines; The Beyers and Jocano Theory.
According to Beyer’s theory there are four migrants who came to the Philippines with different races, the first migrant are known as the cavemen or dawn men, they did not knowledge on agriculture and lived by hunting and fishing. It was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing perhaps to their migratory nature, they eventually left the Philippines for destinations unknown.
The second people in the Philippines are the Aetas. They crossed the land bridged from Malaya, Borneo, and Australia until they reached Palawan, Mindoro and Mindanao. They were pygmies who went around practically naked and were good at hunting, fishing and food gathering. They used spears and small flint stones weapons. of the disappearance of the land bridges.
the third wave of migrants was necessarily skilled in seafaring. These were the Indonesians, who came to the islands in boats. They were more advanced than the Aetas in that: they had tools made out of stone and steel, which enabled them to build sturdier houses: they engaged in farming and mining, and used materials made of brass; they wore clothing and other body ornaments.
Last to migrate to the Philippines, according to Beyer, were Malays, like the Indonesians, they also traveled in boats. The Malays were brown-skinned and of medium height, with straight black hair and flat noses. Their technology was said to be more advanced than that of their predecessors. They engaged in pottery, weaving, jewelry making and metal smelting, and introduced the irrigation system in rice planting.
According to Jocanos theory it’s not the Aetas, Malays and Indonesians were the first who migrates in the Philippines but instead it’s the “Tabo Man” or Java Man, Peking Man. The “Tabon Man”is said to resemble Java Man and Peking Man. He gathered fruits, leaves and plants for his food. He hunted with weapons made of stone. Although further research is still being done on his life and culture, evidence shows that he was already capable of using his brain in order to survive and keep himself safe.
In this presentation of data the more complete information gathered and analyzed was the Beyer’s theory. As my opinion I believed in Beyer’s theory because the Aetas were already in the Philippines when the land bridges disappeared due to the thinning of the ice glaciers and the subsequent increase in seawater level. This natural events “forced” them to remain in the country and become its first permanent inhabitants, and in the Philippines our most ancient ancestor belief who resides in the nation was the Aetas. Beyer’s present his theory vividly than Jocano, I believe in the theory of Beyer why? Mostly scientist persuaded that to see is to believe, they are still Aetas in our country and still living, most of them are quite educated and adapting the technology that we have right now.
More over Jocano’s theory presented the Tabo Man was not successfully defend and there are still some flows that needed to be answered.
MELDRID G. PRUGELIO
BSIT-1
I believe in the theory of Henry Otley Beyer's migration theory, because Filipinos are product of different cultures. Filipinos have 4 cultural heritages the Latin, American, European and Malays. Most of our ancestors came from countries in Asia specifically in Malaysia and Indonesia, that's why our national hero Dr. Jose P. Rizal called as first Malayan hero.According to his theory our ancestors came here in the Philippines using a bridge but unfortunately the land bridges were disappeared and they were not able to come back to their homeland that's why they settled here and create a community. Because of the disappearance of the land bridges, the third wave of migrants was necessarily skilled in seafaring. These were the Indonesians, who came to the islands in boats. They were more advanced than the Aetas in that: they had tools made out of stone and steel, which enabled them to build sturdier houses: they engaged in farming and mining, and used materials made of brass; they wore clothing and other body ornaments.
And they continue their customs and traditions here in the Philippines.
Our knowledge in pottery, weaving, jewelry making and metal smelting,irrigation system in rice planting are introduced by our Malay ancestors, while our knowledge in hunting, fishing and food gathering and the use of spears and small flint stones weapons are introduced to us by the Aetas or Igorots. Our ancestors did not have any knowledge of agriculture, and lived by hunting and fishing that's why they reached the Philippines while searching foods to satisfy their hunger.
Jaenin Infiesto
BSA
Fri 10:30-1:30
The most widely known theory of the prehistoric peopling of the Philippines is that of Beyer, The first migrants were what Beyer caked the “Dawnmen” (or “cavemen” because they lived in caves.). The Dawnmen resembled Java Man, Peking Man, and other Asian Home sapiens who existed about 250,000 years ago.. According to him these people who migrated here in our country during the earlier times crosses the land bridges. F. Landa Jocano opposes his theory Anthropologist F. Landa Jocano of the University of the Philippines contends that what fossil evidence of ancient men show is that they not only migrated to the Philippines, but also to New Guinea, Borneo, and Australia. He says that there is no way of determining if they were Negritoes at all. However, what is sure is that there is evidence the Philippines was inhabited as early as 21,000 or 22,000 years ago. In 1962, a skull cap and a portion of a jaw, presumed to be those of a human being, were found in a Tabon Cave in Palawan Province. The discovery may show that man came earlier to the Philippines than to the Malay Peninsula. If this is true, the first inhabitants of the Philippines did not come from the Malay Peninsula. Jocano further believes that the present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolution and movement of people. This not only holds true for Filipinos, but for the Indonesians and the Malays of Malaysia, as well. No group among the three is culturally or racially dominant. Hence, Jocano says that it is not correct to attribute the Filipino culture as being Malayan in orientation. Beyer has a point too, but its not reliable, we maybe of Malayan race because these people had set their foot here in our country once, on the contrary, Jocano’s theory could be far more better than his, because of his evidence, if the Filipinos originally came from the Malayan race how could we have our distinct culture, and besides according to Jocano the Tabon Man found in palawan shows that man came earlier in our land. Instead of the Migration Theory, Jocano advances the Evolution Theory, as a better explanation of how our country was first inhabited by human beings, Jocano believes that the first people of Southeast Asia were products of a long process of evolution and migration. His research indicates that they shared more or less the same culture, beliefs, practices and even similar tools and implements. These people eventually went their separate ways; some migrated to the Philippines, the others to New Guinea, Java and Borneo. Proof, Jocano says, can be found in the fossils discovered in different parts of Southeast Asia, as well as the recorded migrations of other peoples from the Asian mainland when history began to unfold.
Angelyn F. Merano BSIT TUE 9:00-12:00
according to Dr Beyer that the ancestos of the filipinos came in different waves of migration.
like the dawn man , a cave man type who was similar to java man , peking man , and other asian homo sapiens. the aboriginal pygmy group, the negritos who arrived between 25,000 and 30,000 years ago via land bridges.Unfortunately there is no definite evidence, archaeological or historical to support this migration theory. While according to jocano theory that the fossil evidences of ancient men that they not only migrated to the philippines, but also to new guinea,borneo, and australia.he say that there is no way of determining if they were negritos at all.Presumed to be those of human being ,were found in a tabon cave in palawan province.Jocano further believes that the present filipinos are products of the long process of evolution and movement of people.he states that these ancient men cannot be categorized under any of the historically identified ethnic groups malays, indonesians, filipinos of today
Crisanto C. Ada
BSCS
There are two theories on the first inhabitant in the Philippines; The Beyers and Jocano Theory.
According to Beyer’s theory there are four migrants who came to the Philippines with different races, the first migrant are known as the cavemen or dawn men, they did not knowledge on agriculture and lived by hunting and fishing. It was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing perhaps to their migratory nature, they eventually left the Philippines for destinations unknown.
The second people in the Philippines are the Aetas. They crossed the land bridged from Malaya, Borneo, and Australia until they reached Palawan, Mindoro and Mindanao. They were pygmies who went around practically naked and were good at hunting, fishing and food gathering. They used spears and small flint stones weapons. of the disappearance of the land bridges.
the third wave of migrants was necessarily skilled in seafaring. These were the Indonesians, who came to the islands in boats. They were more advanced than the Aetas in that: they had tools made out of stone and steel, which enabled them to build sturdier houses: they engaged in farming and mining, and used materials made of brass; they wore clothing and other body ornaments.
Last to migrate to the Philippines, according to Beyer, were Malays, like the Indonesians, they also traveled in boats. The Malays were brown-skinned and of medium height, with straight black hair and flat noses. Their technology was said to be more advanced than that of their predecessors. They engaged in pottery, weaving, jewelry making and metal smelting, and introduced the irrigation system in rice planting.
According to Jocanos theory it’s not the Aetas, Malays and Indonesians were the first who migrates in the Philippines but instead it’s the “Tabo Man” or Java Man, Peking Man. The “Tabon Man”is said to resemble Java Man and Peking Man. He gathered fruits, leaves and plants for his food. He hunted with weapons made of stone. Although further research is still being done on his life and culture, evidence shows that he was already capable of using his brain in order to survive and keep himself safe.
In this presentation of data the more complete information gathered and analyzed was the Beyer’s theory. As my opinion I believed in Beyer’s theory because the Aetas were already in the Philippines when the land bridges disappeared due to the thinning of the ice glaciers and the subsequent increase in seawater level. This natural events “forced” them to remain in the country and become its first permanent inhabitants, and in the Philippines our most ancient ancestor belief who resides in the nation was the Aetas. Beyer’s present his theory vividly than Jocano, I believe in the theory of Beyer why? Mostly scientist persuaded that to see is to believe, they are still Aetas in our country and still living, most of them are quite educated and adapting the technology that we have right now.
More over Jocano’s theory presented the Tabo Man was not successfully defend and there are still some flows that needed to be answered.
Crisanto C. Ada
BSCS
There are two theories on the first inhabitant in the Philippines; The Beyers and Jocano Theory.
According to Beyer’s theory there are four migrants who came to the Philippines with different races, the first migrant are known as the cavemen or dawn men, they did not knowledge on agriculture and lived by hunting and fishing. It was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing perhaps to their migratory nature, they eventually left the Philippines for destinations unknown.
The second people in the Philippines are the Aetas. They crossed the land bridged from Malaya, Borneo, and Australia until they reached Palawan, Mindoro and Mindanao. They were pygmies who went around practically naked and were good at hunting, fishing and food gathering. They used spears and small flint stones weapons. of the disappearance of the land bridges.
the third wave of migrants was necessarily skilled in seafaring. These were the Indonesians, who came to the islands in boats. They were more advanced than the Aetas in that: they had tools made out of stone and steel, which enabled them to build sturdier houses: they engaged in farming and mining, and used materials made of brass; they wore clothing and other body ornaments.
Last to migrate to the Philippines, according to Beyer, were Malays, like the Indonesians, they also traveled in boats. The Malays were brown-skinned and of medium height, with straight black hair and flat noses. Their technology was said to be more advanced than that of their predecessors. They engaged in pottery, weaving, jewelry making and metal smelting, and introduced the irrigation system in rice planting.
According to Jocanos theory it’s not the Aetas, Malays and Indonesians were the first who migrates in the Philippines but instead it’s the “Tabo Man” or Java Man, Peking Man. The “Tabon Man”is said to resemble Java Man and Peking Man. He gathered fruits, leaves and plants for his food. He hunted with weapons made of stone. Although further research is still being done on his life and culture, evidence shows that he was already capable of using his brain in order to survive and keep himself safe.
In this presentation of data the more complete information gathered and analyzed was the Beyer’s theory. As my opinion I believed in Beyer’s theory because the Aetas were already in the Philippines when the land bridges disappeared due to the thinning of the ice glaciers and the subsequent increase in seawater level. This natural events “forced” them to remain in the country and become its first permanent inhabitants, and in the Philippines our most ancient ancestor belief who resides in the nation was the Aetas. Beyer’s present his theory vividly than Jocano, I believe in the theory of Beyer why? Mostly scientist persuaded that to see is to believe, they are still Aetas in our country and still living, most of them are quite educated and adapting the technology that we have right now.
More over Jocano’s theory presented the Tabo Man was not successfully defend and there are still some flows that needed to be answered.
Ronaldo L. dela Peña
I-BSCS
Philippine History with Politics and Governance (Tue.9:00am:12:00nn)
For me the most Jocano’s “Evolution Theory” because This, and many other factors, Jocano says, made us grow up hating our own culture. Another major factor was the system of education introduced by our colonizers. The Spaniards, of course, provided no education but for the elite, and even when the Americans introduced an organized system for even the barrios, the things that were taught were not healthy for our national pride.
Jocano further believes that present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolutions and movements of people. This not only holds true for Filipinos, but for the Indonesians and the Malays of Malaysia, as well. No group among the three is culturally or racially dominant. Hence, Jocano says that it is not correct to attribute the Filipino culture as being Malay in orientation.
According to Jocano’s findings, the peoples of the prehistoric islands of Southeast Asia were of the same population as the combination of human evolution that occurred in the islands of Southeast Asia about 1.9 million years ago. The proofs of this are fossil materials found in different parts of the region and the movements of other peoples from the Asian mainland during historic times.
He states that these ancient men cannot be categorized under any of the historically identified ethnic groups (Malays, Indonesians, Filipinos) of today.
There are two dominant theories on how the Filipinos came into existence: one, that of Beyer’s “Migration Theory” and second, that of Jocano’s “Evolution Theory”. Henry Otley Beyer, an American anthropologist who worked as a professor in the University of the Philippines Diliman, believes that Filipinos came from different groups, particulary from Malays of Malaysia, through migration
Beyer’s “Migration Theory” and Jocano’s “Evolution Theory”. Noted social scientist Henry Otley Beyer believes that Filipinos descended from different groups that came from Southeast Asia in successive waves of migration. Each group had a distinct culture, with its own customs and traditions. On the other hand, Jocano believes that Asians, including Filipinos are the result of a lengthy process of evolution and migration.
They both says that peopling of the Philippines came from migration, but in comparing both theories I am more convinced to F.L. Jocano not only because he is a Filipino but also he wants to prove that our race is a product of a lengthy process of evolution.
Instead of the Migration Theory, Jocano advances the Evolution Theory, as a better explanation of how our country was first inhabited by human beings, Jocano believes that the first people of Southeast Asia were products of a long process of evolution and migration. His research indicates that they shared more or less the same culture, beliefs, practices an even similar tool and implements. These people eventually went their separate ways; some migrated to the Philippines, the others to New Guinea, Java and Borneo. It is based on the evidence that can be found in the fossils discovered in different parts of Southeast Asia, as well as the recorded migrations of other peoples from the Asian mainland.
Therefore, the first people that inhabited in the Philippines based from the fossils found in the tabon cave 20,000 to 21,000 years ago are known as the Tabon Man who’s similar to the Java Man and Peking Man. They can gather fruits, leaves and plants for their food. They hunted with weapons made of stone. Although further research is still being done on their life and culture, evidence shows that they were already capable of using their minds in order to survive and keep themselves safe. In contrast to the Aetas who don’t use their minds and won’t fight. When danger arise these groups of Aetas chose to evacuate and go to far places away from any harm, they don’t know how to use tools like the Tabon Man for gathering their foods all they know is pick and eat.
At first the researchers thought that Aetas were the first group who landed here in the Philippines because their marks and traces still exist. They were exposed at our provincial mountains spread all over the country. But then they lately discovered the fossil evidences of the Tabon Man that based on studies were similar to the Java & Cave Man.
As a Filipino, it is more acceptable for me to say that the first people who live in our country had their own existing culture like the Tabon Man, rather than as what Beyer said about having a distinct culture.
But the research about the people who first reside in our country is still ongoing and the good news was recently about 3 yrs ago a team of archaeologists led by Dr. Armand Mijares of the University of the Philippines Diliman found evidence that our country have been inhabited long before the Tabon Man.
Part 1 of 2
(LLENO,GENNIE A. BSBA-II)
The bone was found in the Callao Cave in the town of Peñablanca Cagayan. At first they were disappointed and thought that they only found an animal remains until Dr. Mijares found out that one of these is a human bone. His team’s findings were recently published in the scholarly journal Human Evolution, but the actual discovery of the bone occurred in 2007.
However, it was not clear then just how old the fossil was. Dr. Mijares said they were able to approximate its age through a method called “uranium-series dating." And according to this method the bone’s estimated age was at least 67,000 years old. Tabon Man’s remains were a relatively young 50,000 years old. So far this could be the earliest human fossil found in the Asia-Pacific region. The primary theory is that Callao Man, or his ancestors, reached Luzon from what is now Indonesia by raft at a time when experts did not think human beings were capable of traveling long distances by sea. And based on their studies they were amazed that the presence of humans in Luzon shows these early humans already possessed knowledge of seacraft-making in this early period, The presence of the remains of butchered animals in the same layer of sediment, but no stone tools, raises interesting questions about how Callao Man killed them.
“We can only speculate that they were using different tools. From our initial analysis of the cut marks on the animal bones, they could have used organic tools such as bamboo which is ubiquitous in the region," Mijares said.".
Based on the single bone, it is not clear that Callao Man was male. But they do know that its physical size was similar to the modern Negrito, or Aytas of Luzon. The bone was the third metatarsal of the foot, thus is referred to scientifically as Callao MT3.
Where there is a single human bone there could be more, so Mijares and his team intend to continue digging. Additional discoveries of remains of Callao Man could be enough to show with more certainty that he was of an earlier species than homo sapiens, which could mean that the first modern humans in the archipelago did not sail here but evolved here.
>>> This was a great blast in the discovery of our Filipino archeologist about the deep history of the peopling in our country saying that this Callao Man could be “The first modern humans in the archipelago” and taking note there’s a possibility they did not migrate here but evolved. And imagining that time they already had an advanced knowledge that they were using in their daily lives to survive in the wild. So it means there is no such thing saying that we had a distinct culture…. =*^_^*=
Part 2 of 2
LLENO, GENNIE A. BSBA-II)
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shedrick A. DEWARA
FRI 10:30-1:30
The first migrants were what Beyer caked the “Dawnmen” (or “cavemen” because they lived in caves.). The Dawnmen resembled Java Man, Peking Man, and other Asian Home sapiens who existed about 250,000 years ago. They did not have any knowledge of agriculture, and lived by hunting and fishing. It was precisely in search of food that they came to the Philippines by way of the land bridges that connected the Philippines and Indonesia. Owing perhaps to their migratory nature, they eventually left the Philippines for destinations unknown.
The second group of migrants was composed of dark-skinned pygmies called “Aetas’ or “Negritoes”.The Aetas were already in the Philippines when the land bridges disappeared due to the thinning of the ice glaciers and the subsequent increase in seawater level. This natural events “forced” them to remain in the country and become its first permanent inhabitants.
Because of the disappearance of the land bridges, the third wave of migrants was necessarily skilled in seafaring. These were the Indonesians, who came to the islands in boats. They were more advanced than the Aetas in that: they had tools made out of stone and steel, which enabled them to build sturdier houses: they engaged in farming and mining, and used materials made of brass; they wore clothing and other body ornaments.
enowned Filipino anthropologist Felipe Landa Jocano disputes Beyer’s belief that Filipinos descended from Negritoes and Malays who migrated to the Philippines thousands of years ago. According to Jocano, it is difficult to prove that Negritoes were the first inhabitants of this country. The only thing that can positively concluded from fossil evidence, he says is that the first men who came to the Philippines also went to New Guinea, Java, Borneo, and Australia.
In 1962, a skullcap and a portion of a jaw-presumed to be a human origin-were found in the Tabon Caves of Palawan by archaeologist Robert Fox and Manuel Santiago, who both worked for the National Museum. Carbon dating placed their age at 21,000 to 22,000 years. This proves, Jocano argues, that man came earlier to the Philippines than to the Malay Peninsula; therefore, the first inhabitants of our islands could not have come from the region. The “Tabon Man” is said to resemble Java Man and Peking Man. He gathered fruits, leaves and plants for his food. He hunted with weapons made of stone. Although further research is still being done on his life and culture, evidence shows that he was already capable of using his brain in order to survive and keep himself safe.
Instead of the Migration Theory, Jocano advances the Evolution Theory, as a better explanation of how our country was first inhabited by human beings, Jocano believes that the first people of Southeast Asia were products of a long process of evolution and migration. His research indicates that they shared more or less the same culture, beliefs, practices an even similar tools and implements. These people eventually went their separate ways; some migrated to the Philippines, the others to New Guinea, Java and Borneo. Proof, Jocano says, can be found in the fossils discovered in different parts of Southeast Asia, as well as the recorded migrations of other peoples from the Asian mainland when history began to unfold.
thank;s god
shedrick
Jona Rose Escopel
How does the Filipino exist, Where does the Filipino came from?Who are the ancestors of Filipinos? How does our ancestors live for a hundred years ago? What theory am I going to believe in? The theory of Henry Otley Beyer which is the "migration theory" or the the theory of Felipe Landa Jocano which is the "evolution theory"? Those are the questions that came in to my mind after I read the said theories. As I read the migration theory of Beyer, this theory is what most of the Filipinos believe in, because even the book says that we really came from the races of Malays, that they are the last group of migrants who migrated to the Philippines to search for food and traveled with the use of boats. Malays were brown-skinned and of medium in height with straight black hair and flat noses. They also engaged in pottery, weaving, jewelry making and metal smelting and introduced the irrigation system rice planting. Those physical characteristics of Malays are also the characteristics of a true Filipino. Maybe that's the reason why Beyer came into the theory of migration.
In Jocano's "evolution theory" he didn't believe that Filipinos came from negritoes and Malays he disputed the thought of Beyer. According to Jocano it is difficult to prove that negritoes and Malays were the first inhabitants of the Philippines because the only thing that can positively concluded is from fossil evidence and that the first man who came to the Philippines also went to other countries like New Guinea, Java, Borneo and Australia.The research also said that the first people of South East Asia were products of a long process of migration and evolution. It also indicates that they have shared more or less the same culture, belief, practices and even similar tools and implements.It is said that in 1962 a skullcap and a portion of a jaw presumed to be human- origin were found in the Tabon Caves in Palawan by archeologist Robert Fox and Manuel Santiago who both work for National Museum. This proves that that man came earlier to the Philippines that to the Malay Peninsula. Therefore, the first inhabitants of our island could not have come from the region. The Tabon Man is said to resemble Java man and Peking man. He gathered fruits, leaves and plants for his food. He hunted with weapons made of stones although further research is still being done on his life and culture evidence shows that he was already capable of using his brain in order to survive and keep himself safe. In the researches made by the two archeologist, I prefer to believe in the theory of F.Landa Jocano.Why? because in the evolution theory there are evidence that will prove his theory like the skullcap and a portion of jaw.I believe it for the reason that Filipinos have the thought of " To see is to believe" that we wont believe on something right away...as long as there are evidence. How can I believe Beyer's theory that we came from Malays if their are some group of migrants migrated to the Philippines before them? How can he concluded that we came from Malay races without any evidence that will prove his theory. Maybe he just based his theory in the physical characteristics that the Malayan have that is the same with the Filipinos. All the question that came into my mind had been answered already by Jocanos evolution theory.Because Jocano had evidences. I prefer,to believe in his theory of were first Filipino came.
Risa M. Ale
BSED-ENGLISH
I believe Migration theory,because of what I observed or learned from the past until today.That filipino came from different races that who migrates in our country.And they lived at Cave of Palawan.And they said to be a cavemen in a way that they live peaceful.That's why there's a scientist discovered there bones.And they see that the filipino came from who migrants here in our own country.There are 3 who migrated they have the same behavior.They are hunting,fishing by a way of finding food.There's a different culture,with it's own customs and traditions that exist here and we influence those.We already know in that situation.So in that groups they having the same.
The first migrants is the DAWNMEN or Cavemen who migrates here.They didn't have any knowledge in agriculture because they know only in hunting,fishing.And when their generation there's a agriculture but they didn't have a knowledge on how to used it.The 2nd is the Aetas or Negratoes the have same with 1st who migrants.They have a flat-nosed and dark-skinned.
And the last is the MALAY.They traveled in or country using a Boats.They believe that they came from the Java,Sumatra,Borneo and Malay Peninsula more than 2,000 years ago.
So now a days we see there different groups influence in our country.And we used it until today.We expect that the groups who migrated has a good of value. because makikita naman talaga that they have a value on how there groups long lasting. on the sense that migration theory who explain the event on inhabitants who first migrate on our country.
they emerge only in Pleistocene period. so we should believe the migration theory.so that in the next generation they have already a explanation about this theory. and to believe that this theory is the one who exist in this country and in the future.So we should to accept what theory that give us explaination and where we came from.To those who don't believe I respect it.Because we have a different principles and beliefs.But this is what I can say migration theory is the one who give the best explaination.Even in Province,I observed it,that's why I also believe.
Based in Migration Theory that the 3 groups exist in our country because we are rich in resources and also the food that they eat.And that's why we develop all of those and there's no change in that value.And it should be noted in my opinion,that everyone of us has different principles of course.I respect,value and tend to be the 1sr who migrates here.I believe that explaination about that.It added to an ideal habital more of the resources and varieties of life necessary not only for the survival but also for that more important development in" Migration Theory",and with it's own customs and traditions.And this is remarkable in our generation and to the future.
Fritz mark B.antonio
BSHRM
9-12pm
According to jacano’s , the people of the prehistoric island of southeast Asia were of the same population as the combination of human evolution that occurred in the island of southeast Asia about 1.9 million years ago. The proofs of this are fossil materials found in different parts of the region and the movement of other people from the Asian mainland during historic times. He states that these ancient men cannot be recognized under any of the historic identified ethnic group (Malays, Indonesians, and Filipinos) of today. Some Filipino ethnics groups were pagans while others were Muslim. The pagans were converted to Christianity by the Spaniards. The Americans later arrived and introduced further cultural changes, which made the Filipinos more and more different from the people of other Southeast Asian countries. While in H. Otley Bayer. According to recent archaeological findings, man is ancient in the Philippines. He first came about 2500,000 B.C. during the ice Age or Middle Pleistocene period, by way of the land other earliest men in Asia. Professor H. Otley Bayer, eminent American authority on Philippines archaeology and anthropology, called him the “Dawn Man”, had no knowledge of agriculture, and other Pleistocene animals roamed in the country. Fossil relics of these ancient animals have been found in Pangasinan and Cagayan valley. Human fossil were found providing that people settled in the Philippines for thousand of years. The Negritosa of Aetas, crossed prehistoric land or ice to settle in the islands’ land. Many groups of Austronesian or Malayan people began to come to the Philippines in the first millennium, pushing the aboriginal population into the interior or perhaps absorbing them through intermarriage.
JORDAN INOCENCIO
BSIT
in my own opinion Philippine historian William Henry Scott has pointed out that Palawan and the Calamianes Islands are separated from Borneo by water with an average depth of 40 meters and nowhere deeper than 100 meters, that south of a line drawn between Saigon and Brunei the depth of the South China Sea does not exceed 100 meters, and that the Strait of Malacca reaches 50 meters only at one point.ninetin Scott also asserts that the Sulu Archipelago is not the peak of a submerged mountain range connecting Mindanao and Borneo, but the exposed edge of three small ridges produced by techtonic tilting of the sea bottom in recent geologic times.
This proves that that man came earlier to the Philippines that to the Malay Peninsula. Therefore, the first inhabitants of our island could not have come from the region
but for the Indonesians and the Malays of Malaysia, as well. No group among the three is culturally or racially dominant. Hence, Jocano says that it is not correct to attribute the Filipino culture as being Malayan in orientation. Beyer has a point too, but its not reliable, we maybe of Malayan race because these people had set their foot here in our country once, on the contrary, Jocanos theory could be far more better than his, because of his evidence,
So that I conclude that Filipinos are been existing before the malay have came. And we are not came from Malayan race. F. Landa Jocano promute to the Filipino people to convince them that we are not came from Malayan race.
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