Letter of Request for Interview and Access to Public Documents

Hi everyone,

Please follow the following format for your Letter of Request. You need to word-processed it in a long bond paper.

Thank you.

Marlon B. Raquel

The Fisher Valley College

C5 Annex Campus

Phase 2, Bgy. Pinagsama Village, Western Bicutan, Taguig City

Letter of Request for Interview and Access to Public Documents

10 July 2010

Hon. Juan dela Cruz

Barangay Chairman

Bgy. Katuparan, Western Bicutan, Taguig City

Dear Honorable Dela Cruz:

Greetings of peace and prosperity!

We, the undersigned, are students of The Fisher Valley College C5 Annex Campus in Taguig City, and are currently enrolled in Philippine History with Politics and Governance under the tutelage of Mr. Marlon B. Raquel.

We would like to set an appointment with you for an interview in your most convenient time. The group will write a Barangay Profile with special emphasis to its history and political affairs as part of the requirements in the course.

As students and citizens of this great nation, we believe we can contribute something that is valuable in nation-building. Making ourselves aware of our rich cultural, socio-economic, and political heritage and in particular to that of Barangay Pinagsama, is one way of getting involved in building our nation.

We would appreciate it much if you could assist us in this endeavor. Thank you so much for your time and utmost cooperation.

Respectfully yours,

Juan dela Cruz

Pedro dela Merced

Noted by:

Marlon B. Raquel

Instructor

Approved by:

Ms. Marianne Mojar

College Administrator

Thank you for the birthday greetings!

Thanks for those who greeted me today on my birthday - through chats, emails, Facebook, personal greetings, to those who called me over the phone, and through texts. It is overwhelming. I appreciate it. 

I thank the Lord for giving me 25 years of existence on earth, and I am praying that He will give me more years (like 100), hehehe. 

Lectures Notes No. 2 in Logic

Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is a branch of philosophy that addresses questions about morality—that is, concepts such as good and bad, noble and ignoble, right and wrong, justice, and virtue.

Major branches of ethics:

1. Meta-ethics is the branch of ethics that seeks to understand the nature of ethical properties, and ethical statements, attitudes, and judgments.

A. Semantics of ethics - divides naturally into descriptivism and non-descriptivism. Descriptivism holds that ethical language (including ethical commands and duties) is a subdivision of descriptive language and has meaning in virtue of the same kind of properties as descriptive propositions. Non-descriptivism contends that ethical propositions are irreducible in the sense that their meaning cannot be explicated sufficiently in terms of descriptive truth-conditions.

B. Epistemology of ethics - divides into cognitivism and non-cognitivism. Non-cognitivism may be understood as the claim that ethical claims reach beyond the scope of human cognition or as the (weaker) claim that ethics is concerned with action rather than with knowledge. Cognitivism can then be seen as the claim that ethics is essentially concerned with judgments of the same kind as knowledge judgments; namely about matters of fact.

C. Ontology of ethics - is concerned with the idea of value-bearing properties, i.e. the kind of things or stuffs that would correspond to or be referred to by ethical propositions.

2. Normative ethics (also known as moral theory) was the study of what makes actions right and wrong.

Socrates:

In this view, Knowledge having a bearing on human life was placed highest, all other knowledge being secondary. Self-knowledge was considered necessary for success and inherently an essential good. A self-aware person will act completely within their capabilities to their pinnacle, while an ignorant person will flounder and encounter difficulty.

Aristotle:

In Aristotle's view, when a person acts in accordance with his nature and realizes his full potential, he will do good and be content. At birth, a baby is not a person, but a potential person. To become a "real" person, the child's inherent potential must be realized.

3. Applied ethics is a discipline of philosophy that attempts to apply ethical theory to real-life situations.

The sort of questions addressed by applied ethics include: "Is getting an abortion immoral?" "Is euthanasia immoral?" "Is affirmative action right or wrong?" "What are human rights, and how do we determine them?" "Do animals have rights as well?" and "Do individuals have the right of self determination?"

A more specific question could be: "If someone else can make better out of his/her life than I can, is it then moral to sacrifice myself for them if needed?" 

"Is lying always wrong?" and, "If not, when is it permissible?”

4. Moral psychology concerns about how moral capacity or moral agency develops and what its nature is.

Such topics are ones that involve the mind and are relevant to moral issues. Some of the main topics of the field are moral responsibility, moral development, moral character(especially as related to virtue ethics), altruism, psychological egoism, moral luck, and moral disagreement

5. Descriptive ethics, about what moral values people actually abide by.

Ethical codes applied by various groups. Some consider aesthetics itself the basis of ethics– and a personal moral core developed through art and storytelling as very influential in one's later ethical choices.

Informal theories of etiquette that tend to be less rigorous and more situational. Some consider etiquette a simple negative ethics, i.e., where can one evade an uncomfortable truth without doing wrong? According to this view, ethics is more a summary of common sense social decisions.

Practices in arbitration and law, e.g., the claim that ethics itself is a matter of balancing "right versus right," i.e., putting priorities on two things that are both right, but that must be traded off carefully in each situation.

Observed choices made by ordinary people, without expert aid or advice, who vote, buy, and decide what is worth valuing. This is a major concern of sociology, political science, and economics.

Lecture Notes No. 1 in General Psychology

DEFINITION OF PSYCHOLOGY

Psychology – comes from Greek words “psyche” which means “soul or mind” and “logos” which means “study”

-         the science of behavior and mental processes that seeks to describe and explain aspects of human thought feelings, perceptions and actions

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BACHELOR OF ARTS (AB) IN PSYCHOLOGY AND BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (BS) IN PSYCHOLOGY

The difference between AB Psychology and BS Psychology depends on your career goals. If you want to take to medicine or allied health sciences like public health or medical technology, you need to take B.S. Psychology because the main focus is on the chemical and biological aspects of human behavior. On the other hand, if you want to a job that has something to do with community service or social work, or if you want to take master’s degree in philosophy or Bachelor of Laws, a BA degree is better.

GOALS OF PSYCHOLOGY

To describe, explain, predict, and control behavior and mental processes

Describe: tell what occurred 

Explain: tells the why
Predict: under what conditions is the behavior/event likely to occur
Control: how is the principle applied or what change in condition is necessary to prevent unwanted occurrence or to bring about a desired outcome

SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT IN PSYCHOLOGY (THE HISTORICAL VIEW)

1. Structuralism: The first school of psychology aimed at analyzing the basic elements, or structure of conscious mental experience through the use of introspection

Proponents:


Wilhelm Wudnt - in 1879 Germany first formal laboratory to find natural laws of human mind -primary interest: perception -recorded in minute detail thoughts, feelings, heartbeat, respiration - Titchener was his student

Bradford Titchener - broke consciousness into three elements: physical sensations, feelings and images (memories)

2. Functionalism - explores how an organism uses perceptual abilities to function in its environment


Proponent:


William James - 1st American Psychologist; minds constantly weaving associations, revising experience, jumping back and forth in time "consciousness flows in a conscious stream"; nervous system changed by experiences


3. Psychodynamic/Psychoanalysis - method of investigation of the mind and the way one thinks; a systematized set of theories about human behavior; and a form of psychotherapy to treat psychological or emotional distress, especially unconscious conflict


Proponent:


Sigmund Freud - doctor/neurologist; unconscious desires and conflicts lie at bottom of symptoms; free will an illusion; motivated by unconscious instincts not available to conscious mind; personality develops in stages-need to resolve conflicts in early stages


4. Behaviorism - school of psychology that studies observable, measurable behavior


Proponents:


John Watson – argued that structuralism, functionalism and psychodynamic theories mental life a superstition; if you can't measure it can't study it; focus on observable, measurable; behaviorism based on Pavlov studies that showed behavior is learned response to stimuli in the environment-conditioning;  infant "tabula rasa"
“Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select – doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors. I am going beyond my facts and I admit it, but so have the advocates of the contrary and they have been doing it for many thousands of years.” [Behaviorism (1930), p. 82]


BF Skinner – added idea of reinforcement- rewarded subjects for behaving certain way; rat in cage with lever-reinforced with food when lever pressed


6. Gestalt - studies how people perceive and experience objects as whole patterns

Proponents:


Wolfgang Kohler, Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka - rather that breaking down thoughts and behavior to their smallest element, the gestalt position maintains that the whole of experience is important, and the whole is different than the sum of its parts.


7. Existentialism - focuses on the meaninglessness and alienation of modern life, and how these factors lead to apathy and psychological problems

Proponent:

8. Humanism - focused on fundamentally and uniquely human issues, such as individual free will, personal growth, self-actualization, self-identity, death, aloneness, freedom, and meaning.


Proponents:


Abraham Maslow – hierarchy of needs

Carl Rogers - an influential American psychologist and among the founders of the humanistic approach to psychology; widely considered to be one of the founding fathers of psychotherapy research


9. Cognitive- studies mental processes including how people think, perceive, remember, and learn


Proponent:


Noam Chomsky - There are three key ideas. First is that the mind is "cognitive," or that the mind actually contains mental states, beliefs, doubts, and so on. Second, he argued that most of the important properties of language and mind are innate. Lastly, Chomsky made the concept of "modularity" a critical feature of the mind's cognitive architecture. The mind is composed of an array of interacting, specialized subsystems with limited flows of inter-communication. 

10. Evolutionary psychology - explores origins of behavior and their adaptive value -study altruism, mate selection, jealousy in different species, cultures, times, compare male and female -cultural and gender differences 

RESEARCH METHODS IN PSYCHOLOGY

1. Experimental Method - the method where researchers randomly assign participants to groups and control all conditions other than the one or more independent variables which are then manipulated to determine their effect on some behavior measured--the dependent variable in the experiment

Independent variable - the factor or condition that researchers manipulate in order to determine its effect on an other behavior or condition known as the dependent variable

Dependent variable - the variable measured at the end of the experiment and that is presumed to vary as the result of manipulations of the independent variable

Experimental Group - in an experiment, the group of participants exposed to the independent variable or treatment

Control Group - a group that is similar to the experimental group and is expose to the same experiential environment but is NOT exposed to the independent variable; the group is used for comparison

2. Correlational Method - a research method used to establish the relationship (correlation) between tow characteristics, events or behaviors

* a positive correlation means when one variable increases the other increases
* a negative correlation means when one increases the other is associated with a decrease (e.g. there is a negative correlation between number of cigarettes a person smokes and the number of years a person can expect to live) -variables that are not related: grade point average and height, and illness, and shoe size
* the stronger the relationship between variables, the better the prediction

3. Case Study Method - an in depth study of one or a few participants consisting of information gathered by observation, interview, or psychological testing to provide a description of behavior or disorder

4. Survey - using interviews and/or questionnaires to gather information about aptitudes, beliefs, experiences or behaviors of a group

Population - the entire group of interest to researcher and to which they wish to generalize findings; a group from which a sample is chosen

Sample - The portion of any population selected for study and from which generalizations are made about the population

Representative sample - a sample selected from the larger population in a way that important subgroups within the population are included in the same proportions as the larger population

ETHICS IN RESEARCH

Participation must be voluntary, confidentiality, freedom to withdraw, deception can be used if it is only way, not a danger, participant is debriefed as soon as possible.

BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY

1. Abnormal psychology is the area that looks at psychopathology and abnormal behavior. The term covers a broad range of disorders, from depression to obsession-compulsion to sexual deviation and many more. Counselors, clinical psychologists and psychotherapists often work directly in this field

2. Behavioral psychology, also known as behaviorism, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. 

3. Biopsychology is the branch of psychology focused on the study of how the brain influences behavior is often known as biopsychology, although it has also been called physiological psychology, behavioral neuroscience and psychobiology.

4. Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on internal states, such as motivation, problem solving, decision-making, thinking and attention.

5. Comparative psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the study of animal behavior.

6. Developmental psychology looks at development throughout the lifespan, from childhood to adulthood. The scientific study of human development seeks to understand and explain how and why people change throughout life. This includes all aspects of human growth, including physical, emotional, intellectual, social, perceptual and personality development. 

7. Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with schools, teaching psychology, educational issues and student concerns. Educational psychologists often study how students learn or work directly with students, parents, teachers and administrators to improve student outcomes.

8. Experimental psychology is the branch of psychology that utilizes scientific methods to research the brain and behavior. 

9. Forensic psychology is a specialty area that deals with issues related to psychology and the law. Forensic psychologists perform a wide variety of duties, including providing testimony in court cases, assessing children in suspected child abuse cases, preparing children to give testimony and evaluating the mental competence of criminal suspects.

10. Personality psychology is focused on the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that make a person unique.

11. Social psychology seeks to explain and understand social behavior and looks at diverse topics including group behavior, social interactions, leadership, nonverbal communication and social influences on decision-making.

Barangay Profile Guidelines

The profile account of the barangay assigned to your group should contain the following elements. The barangay profile should have at least 10 pages including the title page and the documentation page.


I. Title page – This contains the name of the school, the title of your paper, and the list of members of the group. Refer to the Standard Format for Academic Papers for the format of the title page. (1 page)


II. Historical Background – This includes the origin of the name of the barangay – how it came to be – and the geographical location, i.e., the surrounding barangays or cities. Cite also the legal documents such as barangay or city resolutions stating the creation of the barangay. (2 pages)


III. Demographic Profile – Research on the number of people living in the area and other socio-demographic characteristics such as population density, sex ratio, mortality rate, migration patterns of residents, birth rate, etc. You could also include the cultural or ethnic groups present in the barangay. (1 page)


IV. Politics, Religion, Culture and Economy – Mention the present set of village officials governing the barangay such as the Sangguniang Kabataan and barangay council members. Include also the different infrastructures that you could see there such as schools and businesses and the different religious groups that exist. Research on the records of past events that challenged the stability of the barangay and how its people and officials responded to these challenges. (2 pages)


V. Synthesis – This is a reflection of the group based on your observation in the barangay. Discuss how events in the past affect the present situation of the barangay under study. (1 page)


VI. Documentation – You documentation may include pictures of the barangay and the group’s brainstorming sessions. A maximum of three (3) pages for the documentation is required. (3 pages)

Send your email address ASAP

Attention to all my students: 


Send me the list of your email addresses to raquel.marlon@yahoo.com as soon as possible. I will be sending updates through our Yahoo! group.

Lecture Notes No. 1

INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY

Etymological definition of sociology: Greek terms socius (companion, associate) and logos (study)

Sociology is the scientific study of human social life, groups and societies.

Three (3) factors led to the development of sociology:

1. Industrial revolution – shift from agricultural economy to industrial economy in Europe; migration from rural areas to urban areas; ideas of individual liberty, rights to life and property developed
2. Imperialism – expansion of kingdoms, conquering lands
3. Advancement of science – use of scientific method in studying human behavior and societies

Early sociological theorists:

1. Auguste Comte (1798-1857, French) – coined the term “sociology”; father of sociology; positivism – applying the scientific method to the social world, building societies on foundations of science and industry rather than on religion; social order (social static) and social change (social dynamic)
2. Herbert Spencer (1820-1903, English) – Social Darwinism – societies evolve from lower to higher forms; survival of the fittest
3. Karl Marx (1818-1883, German) – class conflict; bourgeois-proletariat relationship
4. Emile Durkheim (1858-1917, French) – social integration in social life
5. Max Weber (1864-1920, German) – studied cross-cultural and historical materials in order to determine how extensively social groups affect people’s orientations to life

Sociological methods

1. Common Sense - the unreflective opinions of ordinary people "or" sound and prudent but often unsophisticated judgment

Illustration: An example of sociology providing a basis for common sense is the research of William Chambliss (1973) on social status and deviance. Chambliss observed two groups of young men to see how their presented selves matched their actual behaviors. The two groups were dubbed The Saints and The Roughnecks. The  Saints  came  from  the middle-class  and,  in  the  eyes  of their parents,  teachers, and even  law enforcement, were  like saints  -  they could do no wrong. The  Roughnecks,  on  the  other  hand,  came  from  lower-class  families  and  were  consistently accused  of wrong-doing. What Chambliss  found  in  observing  the  two  groups  was  that  The Saints were actually far more deviant than The Roughnecks, but they got away with it because they  were  able  to  commit  their  deviant  acts  outside  of  their  home  town  and  compellingly portray  themselves  as  upstanding  young  citizens.  The Roughnecks,  because  of  their  lack  of mobility  and  funds,  were  more  likely  to  commit  their  deviant  acts  in  public  and  in  their hometown,  leading  local people  to see  them as extreme deviants. Chambliss's  findings, while not pervasively  seen as common  sense, are  increasingly  so. People  are  coming  to  realize  that the public portrayal of one's self may not actually represent one's private activities. This is often the case with serial killers and was even portrayed in the movie Murder by Numbers.

2. The Scientific Method - a method for the discovery of uniformities in this universe through the process of observation and re-observation; the results are organized, systematized, and made part of the body of knowledge

Essential elements of a scientific method:

1.  Characterization (operationalization or quantification, observation and measurement)

2.  Hypothesis (a theoretical, hypothetical explanation of the observations and measurements)

3.  Prediction (logical deduction from the hypothesis)

4.  Experiment (test of all of the above)

Characteristics of scientific method:

1. Empirical

2. Verifiable

3. Cumulative

4. Self-Correcting

5. Deterministic

6. Ethical and ideological neutrality

7. Statistical Generalization

8. Rationalism

Fields of Sociology

Biosociology, Occupations/Professions, Collective Behaviour/Socioal Movements, Penology/Corrections, Community, Political Sociology, Comparative Sociology/Macro-sociology, Race/Ethnic/Minority Relations, Criminal Justice, Religion, Criminology/Delinquency, Rural Sociology, Cultural Sociology, Small Groups, Demography, Social Change, Development/Modernization, Social Control, Deviant Behaviour/Social Disorganization, Social Networks, Economy and Society, Social Organizations/formal/complex, Education, Social Psychology, Environmental Sociology    Socialization, Ethno methodology, Sociological Practice/Social Policy, History of Sociology/ Social Thought, Sociology of Aging/Social Gerontology, Human Ecology  Sociology of Art/Literature, Industrial Sociology, Sociology of Knowledge, International development/Third World, Sociology of Language/Social Linguistics, Law and Society     , Sociology of Markets, Leisure/Sports/Recreation, Sociology of Mental Health, Marriage and the Family, Sociology of Science, Mass Communication/Public Opinion, Sociology of Sex and Gender, Mathematical sociology, Sociology of Work, Medical Sociology, Sociology of World Conflict, Methodology: Qualitative Approaches, Stratification/Mobility, Methodology: Quantitative Approaches Theory, Micro computing/Computer Applications, Urban Sociology, Military Sociology, Visual  Sociology

Assignment No. 1 in Logic

Click the title of this post first and then post your answers for your assignments on the comment form located just below the page.

Answer the following questions:

1.      How would you answer the question: what makes man truly human?

2.      Philosophy attempts to answer the question "Why?," and science attempts to answer the question "How?" What do you think is the essential difference between a "why-question" and a "how-question"?

3.     In your own opinion, think is the difference between thinking about the methods for solving a problem and applying a method for solving a problem?

Deadline of Submission: July 31, 2010 11:59PM

Lektyur Bilang 1

SINING NG PAKIKIPAGTALASTASAN

Ang sining ng pakikipagtalastasan ay isang paraan ng komunikasyon para tayong lahat ng mga Filipino ay magkakaintindihan at magkaunawaan sa isa’t isa. Mahalaga ang komunikasyon para sa lahat. Ito ang daan para tayong lahat magkaisa para sa ikauunlad ng ating buhay.Ginagamit din ito para mapaihayag ang ating mga iniisip at nadarama.

Ang komunikasyon ay pagbibigay ng kabatiran, pakikipag-usap, pakikipag-unawan o pagbibigay kaalaman. Wika ang pinakamabisang ginagamit ng tao sa pakikipagtalastasan.

KAHULUGAN NG WIKA

Ang wika ay isang bahagi ng pakikipagtalastasan. Kalipunan ito ng mga simbolo, tunog, at mga kaugnay na batas upang maipahayag ang nais sabihin ng kaisipan. Ginagamit ang pamamaraang ito sa pagpapaabot ng kaisipan at damdamin sa pamamagitan ng pagsasalita at pagsulat. Isa rin itong likas na makataong pamamaraan ng paghahatid ng mga kaisipan, damdamin at mga hangarin sa pamamagitan ng isang kaparaanang lumilikha ng tunog; at kabuuan din ito ng mga sagisag sa paraang binibigkas. Sa pamamagitan nito, nagkakaugnayan, nagkakaunawaan at nagkakaisa ang mga kaanib ng isang pulutong ng mga tao.

ETIMOLOHIYA

Nag-ugat ang salitang wika mula sa wikang Malay. Samantalang nagmula naman sa Kastila ang isa pang katawagan sa wika: ang salitang lengguwahe. Tinatawag ding salita ang wika. Katulad ng language - tawag sa wika sa Ingles - nagmula ang salitang lengguwahe o lengwahe sa salitang lingua ng Latin, na nangangahulugang "dila", sapagkat nagagamit ang dila sa paglikha ng maraming kombinasyon ng mga tunog, samakatuwid ang "wika" - sa malawak nitong kahulugan - ay anumang anyo ng pagpaparating ng damdamin o ekspresyon, may tunog man o wala, ngunit mas kadalasang mayroon.

MGA KATANGIAN NG WIKA

1. Ang wika ay likas at katutubo, kasabay ito ng tao sa pagsilang sa mundo.
2. May kayarian at nakabubuo ng maraming salitang may mga kahulugan ang isang wika.
3. May pagbabago ang wika, di napipigilan para umunlad.
4. May sariling kakanyahang di-inaasahan, ang wika ay nalilikha ng tao upang ilahad ang nais ipakahulugan sa kanyang mga kaisipan (nanghihiram sa ibang wika upang makaagapay sa mga pagbabagong nagaganap sa kapaligiran).
5. May kahulugan ang salita na batay sa taglay na ponolohiya, palatunugan at diin.
6. Nauuri ang wika sa kaanyuan, kaantasan, ponolohiya at kalikasan.

KAHALAGAHAN NG WIKA

1. Ang wika ay instrumento ng komunikasyon. Sa pamamagitan nito ay naipapadama at naipapahayag natin sa ibang tao ang ating iniisip, saloobin at mga karanasan.

Nag-iingat at nagpapalaganap ng kaalaman. Maraming kaalaman ang naitago at naibunyag dahil sa pag-iingat ng mga taong nagbuo ng isang ideya, opinyon, mga tuklas, mga imbensyon, mga panulat na gumamit ng wika. Ito ay napalaganap sa pamamagitan ng paglilimbag ng mga ito sa mga aklat.

2. Nagbubuklod ng bansa. Walang pagpapalitan ng kaisipan at walang pagkakaisa ang mga tao kugn wala ang wika: pasulat o pasalita man. Nabubuklod ang bayan at ang tao dahil sa wika at maaring gamitin sa pakikihamok, pakikipaglaban, pagpapahalaga at pagtitipon.

3. Lumilinang ng malikhaing pag-iisip. Ang ating naririnig, napapanood ay nagdudulot sa atin ng mga damdamin nagpapaiyak, nagpapatawa, nagpapainis at nagpapaawa. Ito ay tinatawag nating nagpapagana at lumilikha ng imahinasyon at maaring magsimula, magbuo ng kaisipan, makaimbento, makalinang na  pakikinabangan ng sangkatauhan.

MGA DAHILAN KUNG BAKIT IBINATAY SA WIKANG TAGALOG ANG WIKANG PAMBANSA

1. Ito ay wikang ginagamit sa punong-lungsod ng Pilipinas, ang Maynila at siyang lingua franca ng buong bansa.
2. Ito ay may pinakamayamang talasalitaan. Ang Tagalog ay binubuo ng 30,000 salitang ugat at 700 na mga  panlapi.
3. May pinakamaunlad na panitikan ito sa lahat ng katutubong wika sa Pilipinas.
4. Ito ay wikang ginagamit ng nakakarami.
5. Madaling pag-aralan, matutuhan at bigkasin ito.
6. 1. Ito ay kahalintulad ng maraming wikang lokal o diyalekto tulad ng Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Bikolano, at iba pa.
   
   
   
   

BATAYAN KUNG BAKIT ITINUTURO ANG MGA KURSONG FILIPINO SA LAHAT NG ANTAS NG PAARALAN SA PILIPINAS

Ang 1987 Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas ay kalipunan ng mga batas sa bansa – the highest law of the land. Ang sumusunod ang naging batayan kung bakit ang wikang Filipino ang ginagamit sa pagtuturo sa mga paaralan at kung bakit itinuturo ang mga signaturang Filipino. Hango ito sa Artikulo XIV, Seksyon 6-9 ng 1987 Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas.

Wika

(Language)

SEKSYON 6.  Ang wikang pambansa ng Pilipinas ay Filipino.  Samantalang nililinang, ito ay dapat payabungin at pagyamanin pa salig sa umiiral na wika sa Pilipinas at sa iba pang mga wika.

Alinsunod sa tadhana ng batas at sang-ayon sa nararapat na maaaring ipasya ng Kongreso, dapat magsagawa ng mga hakbangin ang Pamahalaan upang ibunsod at puspusang itaguyod ang paggamit ng Filipino bilang medium ng opisyal na komunikasyon at bilang wika ng pagtuturo sa sistemang pang-edukasyon.

SEKSYON 7. Ukol sa layunin ng komunikasyon at pagtuturo, ang mga wikang opisyal ng Pilipinas ay Filipino at, hangga't walang ibang itinatadhana ang batas, Ingles.

Ang mga wikang panrehiyon ay pantulong na mga wikang opisyal sa mga rehiyon at magsisilbi na pantulong na mga wikang panturo roon.

Dapat itaguyod ng kusa at opsyonal ang Kastila at Arabic.

SEKSYON 8. Ang Konstitusyong ito ay dapat ipahayag sa Filipino at Ingles, at dapat isalin sa mga pangunahing wikang panrehiyon, Arabic, at Kastila.

SEKSYON 9. Dapat magtatag ng Kongreso ng isang komisyon ng wikang Pambansa na binubuo ng mga kinatawan ng iba't ibang mga rehiyon at mga disiplina na magsasagawa, maguugnay at magtataguyod ng mga pananaliksik sa Filipino at iba pang mga wika para sa kanilang pagpapaunlad, pagpapalaganap, at pagpapanatili.